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Question 1 of 20

1. Question
1 points
Identify the correct statement/s with respect to Mahayana Buddhism.
1. This sect believes in idol worship.
2. Kanishka patronised Mahayanism.
3. This sect did not believe in mantras.
4. Madhyamika and Yogachara are chief philosophical schools of Mahayana.”
- 1, 2 and 3 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 3 and 4 only
- 1, 2 and 4 only
Correct

“• Mahayna Buddhism, als known as the Great Vehicle, is the form of Buddhism prominent in North Asia, including China, Mongolia, Tibet, Korea and Japan.
• This sect believes in the heavenliness of Buddha and in idol
worship. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• Fundaental
• Kanishka patronized Buddhism and later Harsha supported it. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• Chief philosophical schools of Mahayana:
– Madhyamika (Nagarjuna)
– Yogachara (Maitreyanatha) Hence, statement 4 is correct.”

Incorrect

“• Mahayna Buddhism, als known as the Great Vehicle, is the form of Buddhism prominent in North Asia, including China, Mongolia, Tibet, Korea and Japan.
• This sect believes in the heavenliness of Buddha and in idol
worship. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• Fundaental
• Kanishka patronized Buddhism and later Harsha supported it. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• Chief philosophical schools of Mahayana:
– Madhyamika (Nagarjuna)
– Yogachara (Maitreyanatha) Hence, statement 4 is correct.”

Question 2 of 20

2. Question

1 points

Which of the following statement/s is/are correct with respect to Avlokiteshwara?
1. He is the bodhisattva of meditation.
2. He is said to incarnate in Dalai Lama.
3. He is depicted as holding a lotus flower.

1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
All the above

Correct

• He is the bodhisattva of compassion.
Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• Most universally acknowledged boddhisatva in Mahayana Buddhism.
• He is said to incarnate in Dalai Lama.
Hence, statement 3 is correct.
• He is depicted as holding a lotus flower.
Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• He is depicted as female also.
• A cave wall painting of Avlokiteshwara is devoted in Ajanta caves as
Padmapani.

Incorrect

Question 3 of 20

3. Question

1 points

Choose the correct statement/s with respect to Jainism.
1. Shwetambara sect observed the tenets of the religion strictly.
2. Sthanakvasi and Murtipujak are the sects of Digambaras.

1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2

Correct

• Jainism split in Digamabara sect and Shwetambara sect during the Mauryan era.
• The Digambara sect observed the tenets of religion strictly and the monks remained naked.
Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• Shwetambara sect were liberal and they wore white clothes.
• Shwetambaras can be further divided into Sthanakvasi and Murtipujak.
Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

Incorrect

Question 4 of 20

4. Question

1 points

“He is a manifestation of great wisdom and meditation. He is wielding a flaming sword in hs right hand”.
Which of the following Boddhisatvas is being referred to in the above passage?

Avlokiteshwara
Manjushri
Samantabhadra
Ksitigarbha

Correct

• Manjushri is a manifestation of great wisdom and meditation.
• Manjushri is depicted as a male.
• Manjushri is a boddhisatva associated with prajna in Mahayana Buddhism,
• He is wielding a flaming sword in hs right hand.

Incorrect

Question 5 of 20

5. Question

1 points

Identify the correct statement/s with respect to Charvaka philosophy.
1. It is also called lokayata.
2. It is considered as non-materialistic school of philosophy.
3. It believed that all things are made of air, earth, fire and water.

1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
All the above

Correct

• Charvaka Philosophy is considered as materialistic/hedoist school of philosophy. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
• It is also called Lokayata. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• It believed that only those things which could be perceived
directly were thought to exist.
• They were of the view that heaven and hell are nothing but
inventions.
• All things are made of air, earth, fire and water. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
• Providing a good living for the priests is a sufficient explanation
for the practice of religion.

Incorrect

Question 6 of 20

6. Question

1 points

Which of the following statement/s is/are correct with respect to Shraman tradition?
1. Buddhism gave rise to Shramana tradition.
2. This tradition led to the development of yogic pratices.
3. Medicancy and asceticism were some of its core practices.

1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
All the above

Correct

• Shraman was offshoot of Vedic religion.
• Medicancy and asceticism were some of its core practices.
Hence, statement 3 is correct.
• The Shraman tradition gave rise to Jainism, Buddhism, Yoga,
Ajivikas, Ajnanas and Charvakas; and was responsible for
concepts such as nirvana, samsara and moksha. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• It led to the development of yogic pratices. Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Incorrect

Question 7 of 20

7. Question

1 points

Who among the following is proponent of Dvaita philosophy related to soul and universal soul?

Vallabha
Madhavacharya
Adi Shankaracharya
Sri Ramanujacharya

Correct

• Madhavacharya is the proponent of Dvaita philosophy.
• It considers Brahman and Atman as two different entities,
and Bhakti as the route to eternal salvation.
• According to Dvaita, Jivatma are many and Paramatma is one.
• Considering the soul Madhavacharya says that no two souls
are alike. They each have different characteristics, different
states of happiness/sorrow.

Incorrect

Question 8 of 20

8. Question

1 points

Select the correct statement/s with respect to Vedic civilization.
1. Vedic civilization was an urban settlement.
2. The people of the Vedic age were nature worshippers.
3. They were ignorant of the use of gold and silver.
4. The people domesticated horses.

2 and 4 only
1, 2 and 4 only
1 and 3 only
All the above

Correct

• Vedic civilization was a rural settlement. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• The people of the Vedic age were nature worshippers. They
worshipped various objects of nature like Varuna, Indra, Prithvi,
Sun. They even treated them as deities. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• The people of Vedic age attached great importance to fire.
• The people of the Vedic age knew the use of various metals.
They used gold and copper in the beginning but later on also
used silver, iron and bronze. Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.
• Vedic people domesticated horses. Hence, statement 4 is correct.

Incorrect

Question 9 of 20

9. Question

1 points

Identify the correct statements with reference to the Indus valley people.
1. They loved outdoor games like horse racing.
2. Cow was a sacred animal to the Indus Valley people.
3. They buried their dead.

1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
3 only
1 and 3 only

Correct

• The Indus Valley people loved indoor games like dancing and music. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• Nandin-bull was probably a sacred animal to the Indus Valley people while cow occupied a sacred place among the Aryans.
Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
• The Indus Valley people buried their dead. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
• The script of the Indus Valley people was mainly phonetic.

Incorrect

Question 10 of 20

10. Question

1 points

Which of the following statement/s is/are correct with respect to Sankhya philosophy?
1. Maharishi Kannad is the founder of this school.
2. It is a strong proponent of Dualism,i.e. Two Realities.
3. This school does not believe in the existence of God.

1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
All the above

Correct

• The founder of the Sankhya school of philosophy was
Maharishi Kapil.
Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• It is a strong proponent of Dualism. There are only
two realities viz. Purusha and Prakriti.
By Purusha they mean consciousness and by Prakriti,
they mean substance or realm of matter.
Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• This school does not believe in the existence of God.
Hence, statement 3 is correct.
• It believes in the doctrine of Karma and transmigration
of souls.

Incorrect

Question 11 of 20

11. Question

1 points

Which of the following is/are charateristics of Mauryan pillars?
1. They were constructed in pieces.
2. They were used to spread the message of Buddha by Ashoka.

1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2

Correct

• The Mauryan pillars were rock-cut i.e. monolithic.
Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• They were used to spread the message of Buddha
by Ashoka.
Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• The top portion of the pillar is called capital and it typically
has animal figures like bull, elephant, etc.
– These capital figures are carved standing on a square or
circular abacus.
– The abcuses are on the base which could be a stylised
inverted lotus.
• The Lion Capital at Sarnath is the most famous example.

Incorrect

Question 12 of 20

12. Question

1 points

Arrange the following parts of Stupas from top to bottom.
1. Harmika
2. Vedika
3. Anda
4. Chhatri

1, 3, 2 and 4
2, 3, 1 and 4
4, 1, 3 and 2
4, 2, 1 and 3

Correct

• Chhatri: central pillar supporting a triple umbrella form.
• Harmika: square railing on top of the mound.
• Anda: hemispherical mound symbolic of the mound of dirt used to cover Buddha’s remains.
• Vedika: the railings made around the stupa.

Incorrect

Question 13 of 20

13. Question

1 points

Select the correct statement/s with respect to Ajanta caves.
1. Varahadeva was one of the important patron of Ajanta.
2. Images of Padampani and Vajrapani are common in Ajanta.

1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2

Correct

• Ajanta cave is located in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra.
• It has 29 caves, including 4 chaitya caves.
• The important patrons of Ajanta were Varahadeva, Upendragupta,
Buddhabadra and Mathurasena.
Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• The themes of the paintings are events from the life of Buddha,
the Jatakas and Avadanas.
• Images of Padampani and Vajrapani are very common in Ajanta.
Hence, statement 2 is correct.

Incorrect

Question 14 of 20

14. Question

1 points

Identify the correct statement/s with reference to Mara Vijay painting.
1. The theme of Mara Vijaya has been painted in the caves of Ellora.
2. Mara represents desire.
3. The event is part of Buddha’s enlightment.

1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
All the above

Correct

• The theme of Mara Vijaya has been painted in the caves of Ajanta.
Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• The panel shows the image of the Buddha in the centre, surrounded
by Mara’s army.
• The event is part of enlightment and Mara represents desire.
Hence, statement 2 and 3 are correct.
• The Buddha is shown with his right hand indicating towards the earth
as a witness to his generosity.
• The image is shown contemplating how to disturb Siddhartha, the
name of Buddha before enlightment.

Incorrect

Question 15 of 20

15. Question

1 points

Which of the following are feature/s of Vijayanagar mural?
1. Lines are still but fluid.
2. Faces are in profile.
3. Figures and objects are shown three-dimensionally.

1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
All the above

Correct

• The paintings at Tiruparakunram, near Trichy, done in the 14th
century represent the early phase of the Vijaynagara style.
• In Hampi (Karnataka), the Virupaksha temple has paintings on
the ceiling of its mandapa narrating events from dynastic history
and episodes fro the Ramayana and Mahabharata.
• Features of Vijayanagara paintings:
– Lines are still but fluid.
– Faces are in profile.
– Figures and objects are shown two-dimensionally.
Hence, statements 1 and 2 are correct and statement 3 is incorrect.
• These features were adopted by later artists such as those of
the Nayaka period.

Incorrect

Question 16 of 20

16. Question

1 points

Select the correct statement/s with respect to Pithoro Mural paintings.
1. They are done by Rathwa tribes in Gujarat.
2. These paintings are done by people in their homes to bring peace and happiness.

1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2

Correct

• Pithoro is a highly ritualistic painting done on the walls by
several tribes such as the Rathwas and Bhilalas who live in
the central Gujarat and Rajasthan.
Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• These paintings have significance in their lives and executing
the Pithora paintings in their homes brings peace, prosperity
and happiness.
Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• It might be crude but it is this crudity that adds to the beauty
of this painting.
• Pithora paintings are more of a ritual than an art form. These
rituals are performd either to thank God or for a wish or a boon
to be granted.

Incorrect

Question 17 of 20

17. Question

1 points

Which of the following are the features of Palaeolithic paintings?
1. Superimposition of paintings.
2. Humans represented in stick-like forms.
3. Rectangle-filled geometric designs.

1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
All the above

Correct

• The palaeolithic paintings can be divided into three
categories: man, animal and geometric patterns in white,
black and red ochre.
• Humans are represented in stick-like forms.
Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• A long-snouted animal, a fox and a multiple legged lizard
are the main animal motifs.
• Wavy lines, rectangle-filled geometric designs, and groups
of dots can also be seen here.
Hence, statement 3 is correct.
• One of the interesting scenes depicted here is of hand-linked
dancing human figures.
• There is some superimposition of paintings. The earliest are
in black; over these are red ochre paintings and the last
group comprises white paintings.
Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• The richest paintings are reported from Vindhya range of
Madhya Pradesh and their Kaimurean extension into U.P.

Incorrect

Question 18 of 20

18. Question

1 points

Identify the correct statement/s in context to the Temples at Khajuraho.
1. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
2. The temples were patronized by the Chalukya kings.
3. The temples at Khajuraho are all made of sandstone.

1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
All the above

Correct

• The complex is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• The temples were patronized by the Chandela kings.
Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
• The temples at Khajuraho are all made of sandstone.
Hence, statement 3 is correct.
• The largest temple at Khajuraho is the Kendriya Mahadeva
temple.
• The Khajuraho temples are known for their extensive erotic
sculptures.

Incorrect

Question 19 of 20

19. Question

1 points

Which of the following is/are the feature/s of the Nataraja sculpture?
1. The right hand is raised in the gesture of abhay mudra.
2. Shiva is surrounded by a ring of flames.
3. The dwarf on which Shiva is seen dancing symbolizes energy.

1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
All the above

Correct

• The sculpture is symbolic of Shiva as the lord of dance and
dramatic arts, with its style and proportions made according
to Hindu texts on arts.
• It typically shows Shiva dancing in one of the Natya Shastra
poses, holding Agni (fire) in his left back hand, the front hand
in gajahasta (elephant hand) or dandahasta (stick hand) mudra,
the front right hand with a wrapped snake that is in abhaya (fear
not) mudra while pointing to a Sutra text, and the back hand holding a musical instrument, usually a damaru.
Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• His body, fingers, ankles, neck, face, head, ear lobes and dress
are shown decorated with symbolic items, which vary with historic period and region.
• He is surrounded by a ring of flames, standing on a lotus pedestal, lifting his left leg (or in rare cases, the right leg) and balancing / trampling upon a demon shown as a dwarf (Apasmara or Muyalaka) who symbolizes ignorance.
Hence, statement 2 is correct and statement 3 is incorrect.
• The dynamism of the energetic dance is depicted with the whirling hair which spread out in thin strands as a fan behind his head.

Incorrect

Question 20 of 20

20. Question

1 points

Identify the Buddhist pilgrimage sites in India from the following sites.
1. Sirpur
2. Naganipattam
3. Deogarh
4. Lalitagiri
5. Chausa

1, 2, 3 and 4 only
1, 2 and 4 only
2, 3, 4 and 5 only
1, 3 and 5 only

Correct

Buddhist pilgrimage sites in India:
1. Mahabodhi temple, Bodh Gaya (Bihar)
2. The mahaviharas of Nalanda, Vikramshila, Sompura,
Odantapura, and Jagaddala
3. Sirpur in Chhattisgarh
4. Lalitagiri, Vajragiri and Ratnagiri in Odisha
5. Naganipattam in Tamil Nadu
6. Udaigiri and Khandagiri caves in Odisha
7. Ghum monastery, West Bengal
8. Rumtek monastery, Sikkim
9. Spituk monastery, Shey monastery, etc. in Ladakh
10. Dhankar monastery, Key monastery, Tabo monastery,
etc. in Himachal Pradesh

Deogarh in Uttar Pradesh and Chausa in Bihar are Jain
sites in India.

Incorrect

Deogarh in Uttar Pradesh and Chausa in Bihar are Jain
sites in India.

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