The function of a constitution is to
• provide a set of basic rules that allow for minimal coordination amongst members of a society.
• specify who has the power to make decisions in a society. It decides how the government will be constituted.
• set some limits on what a government can impose on its citizens. These limits are fundamental in the sense that government may never trespass them.
• enable the government to fulfil the aspirations of a society and create conditions for a just society.
• ensure that a dominant group does not use its power against other less powerful people or groups.

Every society is prone to this tyranny of the majority. The Constitution usually contains rules that ensure that minorities are not excluded from anything that is routinely available to the majority. A constitution does not always specify for a democracy.

According to Article 330 of the Constitution, Allocation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Lok Sabha are made on the basis of proportion of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the State concerned to that of the total population.
Also a member of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes is not debarred from contesting a general i.e. non-reserved seat.

The criteria followed for specification of a community as a Scheduled Tribe are : (i) indications of primitive traits, (ii) distinctive culture, (iii) geographical isolation, (iv) shyness of contact with the community at large, and (v) backwardness. However, these criteria are not spelt out in the Constitution.

The maximum strength of the council is fixed at one-third of the total strength of the assembly and the minimum strength is fixed at 40 (with some exceptions).
The Chairman of the Legislative Council is elected by the council itself from amongst its members.

“Whether or not to provide reservation to the economically weaker section in appointment to State government jobs and admission to State government educational institutions, as per provisions of the newly inserted Articles 15(6) and 16(6) of the Constitution, is to be decided by the State government concerned,” the Centre said. The Centre said its Department of Social Justice and Empowerment “has no role in deciding the reservation policy of any State government”.
As per the notification issued by the Department of Personnel and Training on January 19, 2019, persons whose family has a gross annual income below ₹8 lakh are identified as those belonging to the economically weaker section. It said the 10% reservation law was enacted to promote the welfare of the poor not covered by the 50% reservation policy for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes and the Socially and Educationally Backward Classes.