• Option D is correct.
• India and Japan have launched India-Japan Initiative for Sustainable Development of the North Eastern Region of India for cooperation in health care, forest resources management, connectivity and tourism in different states of the North Eastern Region.

• Option D is correct.
• India and Nordic countries 2nd India-Nordic Summit at Copenhagen, after the 1st summit of 2018 in Stockholm.
• Nordic countries represent the five countries of Nordic region, i.e. Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland and Iceland.

• Option A is correct.
• Plant-based meat is basically meat derived from plants. It is manufactured to taste, look, and feel like traditional meat from animal products.Hence,statement 1 is correct.
• Plant-based meat is healthier than regular meat as it is lower in calories and saturated fats.Hence,statement 2 is incorrect.
• Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Authority (APEDA) has facilitated the export of the first consignment of plant-based meat products under the Vegan food category from Gujarat to the United States of America (USA).Hence,statement 3 is incorrect.

• Option D is correct.
• International Finance Corporation has launched its Global Food Security Platform to respond to the food security crisis. The $6 billion financing facility will support vulnerable communities, boost the flow of vital commodities to emerging markets, and help reduce food insecurity.Hence,statement 1 is incorrect
• The Global Food Security Platform will also help private entities to make new and long-term investment on local food systems in emerging markets to make them more diversified, sustainable and productive. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.

• Option A is correct.
• The Trade Ministers of India, Japan and Australia have formally launched the Supply Chain Resilience Initiative (SCRI) recently,The SCRI aims to create a virtuous cycle of enhancing supply chain resilience with a view to eventually attaining strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth in the Indo-Pacific region.
• Indo-Pacific Economic Framework is a US-led initiative that aims to strengthen economic partnership among participating countries to enhance resilience, sustainability, inclusiveness, economic growth, fairness, and competitiveness in the Indo-Pacific region. The IPEF was launched in 2021 with a dozen initial partners who together represent 40% of the world GDP. India has decided to become part of resilient economy (supply chain), clean economy (decarbonisation and infrastructure), and fair economy (anti-corruption and tax) components of the framework, but it will not join the connected economy (trade) pillar of IPEF.
• The United States and key partner countries have announced the establishment of the Minerals Security Partnership (MSP), an ambitious new initiative to bolster critical mineral supply chains. This announcement was made in Toronto during the Prospectors and Developers Association of Canada convention, the largest mining event in the world. India Is not part of this initiative.

• Option B is correct.
• Agreement on Technical barriers to trade aims to prevent industrial standard and safety/environment regulations from becoming unnecessary trade barriers by securing their transparency and harmonization with industrial standard.Hence,statement 1 is incorrect.
• The agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures aims to facilitate foreign investment by clarifying that certain regulations imposed by host governments are contrary to international trade rules. Specifically, foreign governments cannot force foreign investors to use a certain percentage of domestically produced inputs in the production process (i.e. local content requirement), and they may not mandate that foreign-owned companies export a percentage of their output. Hence,statement 2 is incorrect.
• The WTO Agriculture Agreement provides a framework for the long-term reform of agricultural trade and domestic policies, with the aim of leading to fairer competition and a less distorted sector.
The Agreement on Agriculture covers:
1,Market access — the use of trade restrictions, such as tariffs on imports
2.Domestic support — the use of subsidies and other support programmes that directly stimulate production and distort trade
3.Export subsidization — the use of export subsidies and other government support programmes that subsidize exports.Hence,statement 3 is correct.

• Option D is correct
• The Sinatra Doctrine was a Soviet foreign policy under Mikhail Gorbachev for allowing member states of the Warsaw Pact to determine their own internal affairs. The name jokingly alluded to the song My Way popularized by Frank Sinatra—the Soviet Union was allowing these states to go their own way. Its implementation was part of Gorbachev’s doctrine of new political thinking.
• The Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) member countries have accepted the “Sinatra Doctrine” as a counter to China’s increasing aggressiveness to undermine the unity of the European Union through the divide and rule policy.

Option C is correct.
• Foreign Ministers of the Quad group of countries – India, the U.S., Australia, and Japan – met on the fringes of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) on Friday to sign a Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) partnership into effect.
• The Partnership has been designed to respond to the vulnerabilities of the Indo-Pacific region,serve as a dedicated framework to coordinate their disaster response operations in the region and augment their capacity and capability, interoperability and operational synergy to undertake HADR operations.

• Option A is correct.
• TUNZA:In February 2003, the Governing Council of UNEP adopted a long-term strategy for engaging young people in environmental activities and in the work of UNEP. The strategy was entitled the Tunza Youth Strategy. The word “TUNZA” means “to treat with care or affection” in Kiswahili (a sub-regional language of Eastern Africa).
• The overall Tunza Concept, therefore, aims to create a global movement in which children and Youth will actively participate in sustainable development. The initiative is meant to develop activities in the areas of capacity building, environmental awareness, and information exchange, with a vision to foster a generation of environmentally conscious citizens, capable of positive action.

• Option A is correct.
• Asia-Africa Growth Corridor (AAGC): Another attempt put forth by India and Japan in 2017 is AAGC. This bilateral partnership intends to foster quality and sustainable (social and transport) infrastructure, development projects, and connectivity in Africa. It aims to promote a “free and open” world order, while also providing an alternative to China’s increasing investments and influence in Africa.
• The Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) is an international coalition of countries, United Nations (UN) agencies, multilateral development banks, the private sector, and academic institutions, that aims to promote disaster-resilient infrastructure. Its objective is to promote research and knowledge sharing in the fields of infrastructure risk management, standards, financing, and recovery mechanisms. It was launched by the Indian Prime Minister at the 2019 UN Climate Action Summit.
• Global Gateway Project: It is an initiative of the European Union.The project aims to mobilise up to €300 billion in investments between 2021 and 2027 to underpin a lasting global recovery.It will support smart investments in quality infrastructure, respecting highest social and environmental standards, in line with international norms and standards. It is a European Strategy to boost smart, clean, and secure links in digital, energy and transport as well as strengthen health, education, and research systems across the world.