Explanation:

Exercise Kavkaz 2020

The Kavkaz 2020 is also referred to as Caucasus-2020.
The exercise is aimed at assessing the ability of the armed forces to ensure military security in Russia’s southwest, where serious terrorist threats persist and preparing for the strategic command-staff drills.
The main training grounds that will be involved are located in the Southern Military District.
The invitation for participation has been extended to at least 18 countries including China, Iran, Pakistan and Turkey apart from other Central Asian Republics part of the SCO.
Why didn’t India participate?
While it is learned that China has confirmed its participation, Pakistan is also likely to send its troops for the exercise.
In the response communicated to Russia, New Delhi cited Covid-19 as the official reason to skip ‘Exercise Kavkaz 2020’.
The move comes in the backdrop of a border standoff with China in eastern Ladakh.
Earlier instances
Exercise Tsentr last year had the participation of India, Pakistan and all Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) member-nations.
India had participated in SCO peace mission exercise in 2018, and in 2019, for the first time, was involved in a strategic command and staff exercise as part of Exercise Tsentr.

Explanation:

Facts about Hampi
Its name is derived from Pampa which is the old name of the Tungabhadra River on whose banks the city is built.
In 1336 CE, the Vijayanagara Empire arose from the ruins of the Kampili kingdom.
It grew into one of the famed Hindu empires of South India that ruled for over 200 years.
The Vijayanagara rulers fostered developments in intellectual pursuits and the arts, maintained a strong military and fought many wars with sultanates to its north and east.
They invested in roads, waterworks, agriculture, religious buildings and public infrastructure.
The site used to be multi-religious and multi-ethnic; it included Hindu and Jain monuments next to each other.
The buildings predominantly followed South Indian Hindu arts and architecture dating to the Aihole-Pattadakal styles.
The Hampi builders also used elements of Indo-Islamic architecture in the Lotus Mahal, the public bath and the elephant stables.
Major attractions
One of the major attractions of Hampi is the 15th Century Virupaksha temple which is one of the oldest monuments of the town.
The main shrine is dedicated to Virupaksha, a form of Lord Shiva.
Hemkunta Hill, south of the Virupaksha temple contains early ruins, Jain temples and a monolithic sculpture of Lord Narasimha, a form of Lord Vishnu.
At the eastern end, there is the large Nandi in stone; on the southern side is the larger than life Ganesha.
Large single stone carvings seem to have been the fashion of the day in Hampi, for there is a large image of Narasimha (6.7m high), the half-lion half-man incarnation of God, as well as a huge linga.

Explanation:

PVTGs in Andaman

Great Andamanese is one of five PVTGs that reside in Andamans archipelago.
The Great Andamanese speak Jeru dialect among themselves and their number stands at 51 as per the last study carried out by Andaman Adim Janjati Vikas Samiti in 2012.
The five PVTGS residing in Andamans are Great Andamanese, Jarwas, Onges, Shompens and North Sentinelese.

What are PVTGs?

There are certain tribal communities who have declining or stagnant population, low level of literacy, pre-agricultural level of technology and are economically backward.
They generally inhabit remote localities having poor infrastructure and administrative support.
These groups are among the most vulnerable section of our society as they are few in numbers, have not attained any significant level of social and economic development.
75 such groups have been identified and categorized as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).

Explanation: This Act defines benami transactions, prohibits them and also provides that violation of the Act is punishable with imprisonment and fine. This Act was recently amended.

Explanation: Statement 1 is correct since butterflies are important for pollination. Statement 3 is correct because butterflies, a part of the food chain are predated upon by wasps, spiders and birds. Statement 2 is incorrect because there is no known correlation between butterflies and fungal infections.