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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements.
1. The First Lok Sabha met on the eve of the first republic day.
2. India ceased to be a British dominion immediately post-enactment of the constitution.
Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?Correct
Only 1 is incorrect.
First Lok Sabha met in 1952 Under GV Mavalankar.
The Indian Independence Act 1947 merely converted India into a British dominion. It ceased to be dominion only after 26th January 1950.
Till 1952, the Constituent assembly itself functioned as the law-making body. The Lok Sabha was duly constituted for the first time on 17 April 1952 after the first General Elections.Incorrect
Only 1 is incorrect.
First Lok Sabha met in 1952 Under GV Mavalankar.
The Indian Independence Act 1947 merely converted India into a British dominion. It ceased to be dominion only after 26th January 1950.
Till 1952, the Constituent assembly itself functioned as the law-making body. The Lok Sabha was duly constituted for the first time on 17 April 1952 after the first General Elections. -
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding the functions of National Commission for STs with respect to the protection and welfare of STs.
1. Measures to be taken over conferring ownership rights in respect of minor forest produce to STs living in forest areas
2. Measures to be taken to promote the traditional practice of shifting cultivation
3. Measures to be taken to safeguard rights of the tribal communities over water resources
Which of the above statements is/are correct?Correct
1 and 3 are correct.
In 2005, the President specified the following functions of the Commission in relation to the protection, welfare and development and advancement of the STs:
(i) Measures to be taken over conferring ownership rights in respect of minor forest produce to STs living in forest areas
(ii) Measures to be taken to safeguard rights of the tribal communities over mineral resources, water resources etc., as per law
(iii) Measures to be taken for the development of tribals and to work for more viable livelihood strategies
(iv) Measures to be taken to improve the efficacy of relief and rehabilitation measures for tribal groups displaced by development projects
(v) Measures to be taken to prevent alienation of tribal people from land and to effectively rehabilitate such people in whose case alienation has already taken place
(vi) Measures to be taken to elicit maximum cooperation and involvement of tribal communities for protecting forests and undertaking social afforestation
(vii) Measures to be taken to ensure full implementation of the Provisions of Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996
(viii) Measures to be taken to reduce and ultimately eliminate the practice of shifting cultivation by tribals that lead to their continuous disempowerment and degradation of land and the environment.Incorrect
1 and 3 are correct.
In 2005, the President specified the following functions of the Commission in relation to the protection, welfare and development and advancement of the STs:
(i) Measures to be taken over conferring ownership rights in respect of minor forest produce to STs living in forest areas
(ii) Measures to be taken to safeguard rights of the tribal communities over mineral resources, water resources etc., as per law
(iii) Measures to be taken for the development of tribals and to work for more viable livelihood strategies
(iv) Measures to be taken to improve the efficacy of relief and rehabilitation measures for tribal groups displaced by development projects
(v) Measures to be taken to prevent alienation of tribal people from land and to effectively rehabilitate such people in whose case alienation has already taken place
(vi) Measures to be taken to elicit maximum cooperation and involvement of tribal communities for protecting forests and undertaking social afforestation
(vii) Measures to be taken to ensure full implementation of the Provisions of Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996
(viii) Measures to be taken to reduce and ultimately eliminate the practice of shifting cultivation by tribals that lead to their continuous disempowerment and degradation of land and the environment. -
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding the financial accountability of the legislature to the executive.
1. The CAG submits audit reports to the President.
2. Public Accounts Committee examines CAG reports.
3. Public Accounts Committee submits the audit report of CAG to the President after due examination.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?Correct
1 and 2 are correct.
The CAG submits three audit reports to the President—audit report on appropriation accounts, audit report on finance accounts, and audit report on public undertakings.
The President lays these reports before both the Houses of Parliament. After this, the Public Accounts Committee examines them and reports its findings to the Parliament.
The appropriation accounts compare the actual expenditure with the expenditure sanctioned by the Parliament through the Appropriation Act, while the finance accounts show the annual receipts and disbursements of the Union government.Incorrect
1 and 2 are correct.
The CAG submits three audit reports to the President—audit report on appropriation accounts, audit report on finance accounts, and audit report on public undertakings.
The President lays these reports before both the Houses of Parliament. After this, the Public Accounts Committee examines them and reports its findings to the Parliament.
The appropriation accounts compare the actual expenditure with the expenditure sanctioned by the Parliament through the Appropriation Act, while the finance accounts show the annual receipts and disbursements of the Union government. -
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements.
1. In Indra Sawhney vs Union of India, the Supreme Court held that reservations under Article 16(4) could only be provided at the time of entry into government service but not in matters of promotion.
2. In Nagaraj case the Supreme court said that the State is bound to make reservation for the SCs and STs in promotions.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?Correct
Only 1 is correct.
Indra Sawhney vs Union of India and M Nagraj case:
• In its landmark 1992 decision in Indra Sawhney vs Union of India, the Supreme Court had held that reservations under Article 16(4) could only be provided at the time of entry into government service but not in matters of promotion.
• It added that the principle would operate only prospectively and not affect promotions already made and that reservation already provided in promotions shall continue in operation for a period of five years from the date of the judgment. It also ruled that the creamy layer can be and must be excluded.
• On June 17, 1995, Parliament, acting in its constituent capacity, adopted the seventy-seventh amendment by which clause (4A) was inserted into Article 16 to enable reservation to be made in promotion for SCs and STs. The validity of the seventy-seventh and eighty-fifth amendments to the Constitution and of the legislation enacted in pursuance of those amendments was challenged before the Supreme Court in the Nagaraj case.
• Upholding the validity of Article 16 (4A), the court then said that it is an enabling provision. “The State is not bound to make reservation for the SCs and STs in promotions. But, if it seeks to do so, it must collect quantifiable data on three facets — the backwardness of the class; the inadequacy of the representation of that class in public employment; and the general efficiency of service as mandated by Article 335 would not be affected”.Incorrect
Only 1 is correct.
Indra Sawhney vs Union of India and M Nagraj case:
• In its landmark 1992 decision in Indra Sawhney vs Union of India, the Supreme Court had held that reservations under Article 16(4) could only be provided at the time of entry into government service but not in matters of promotion.
• It added that the principle would operate only prospectively and not affect promotions already made and that reservation already provided in promotions shall continue in operation for a period of five years from the date of the judgment. It also ruled that the creamy layer can be and must be excluded.
• On June 17, 1995, Parliament, acting in its constituent capacity, adopted the seventy-seventh amendment by which clause (4A) was inserted into Article 16 to enable reservation to be made in promotion for SCs and STs. The validity of the seventy-seventh and eighty-fifth amendments to the Constitution and of the legislation enacted in pursuance of those amendments was challenged before the Supreme Court in the Nagaraj case.
• Upholding the validity of Article 16 (4A), the court then said that it is an enabling provision. “The State is not bound to make reservation for the SCs and STs in promotions. But, if it seeks to do so, it must collect quantifiable data on three facets — the backwardness of the class; the inadequacy of the representation of that class in public employment; and the general efficiency of service as mandated by Article 335 would not be affected”. -
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements with respect to powers of Election Commission.
1. Election Commission can disqualify candidates who commit electoral malpractices.
2. The Constitution empowers the Election Commission to decide whether a candidate has incurred disqualification by holding an office of profit.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?Correct
Only 2 is correct.
What are the limitations of the EC’s powers?
• The EC does not have the power to disqualify candidates who commit electoral malpractices. At best, it may direct the registration of a case.
• The EC also does not have the power to deregister any political party. However, the Constitution empowers the EC to decide whether a candidate has incurred disqualification by holding an office of profit under the appropriate government, or has been declared an insolvent, or acquired the citizenship of a foreign state.
• When a question arises whether a candidate has incurred any of these disqualifications, the President of India or Governor has to refer it to the EC. The poll panel’s decision on this is binding.Incorrect
Only 2 is correct.
What are the limitations of the EC’s powers?
• The EC does not have the power to disqualify candidates who commit electoral malpractices. At best, it may direct the registration of a case.
• The EC also does not have the power to deregister any political party. However, the Constitution empowers the EC to decide whether a candidate has incurred disqualification by holding an office of profit under the appropriate government, or has been declared an insolvent, or acquired the citizenship of a foreign state.
• When a question arises whether a candidate has incurred any of these disqualifications, the President of India or Governor has to refer it to the EC. The poll panel’s decision on this is binding.
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