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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding Corporate bonds.
1. Corporate bonds are debt securities issued only by private corporations.
2. Corporate bond does not have an ownership interest in the issuing company, unlike when one purchases the company’s equity stock.
3. In India, financing of infrastructure projects such as roads, ports, and airports is higher through corporate bond market compared to bank loans and Government finance.
How many of the above statements is/are correct?Correct
Only 2 is correct.
Corporate bonds are debt securities issued by private and public corporations. Companies issue corporate bonds to raise money for a variety of purposes, such as building a new plant, purchasing equipment, or growing the business. When one buys a corporate bond, one lends money to the “issuer,” the company that issued the bond.
In exchange, the company promises to return the money, also known as “principal,” on a specified maturity date. Until that date, the company usually pays you a stated rate of interest, generally semi-annually. Corporate bond does not have an ownership interest in the issuing company, unlike when one purchases the company’s equity stock.
In India, given the absence of a well-functioning corporate bond market, the burden of financing infrastructure projects such as roads, ports, and airports is more on banks and the general government. This, in turn, puts lenders such as the banks under pressure as reflected in the ballooning of bad loans.Incorrect
Only 2 is correct.
Corporate bonds are debt securities issued by private and public corporations. Companies issue corporate bonds to raise money for a variety of purposes, such as building a new plant, purchasing equipment, or growing the business. When one buys a corporate bond, one lends money to the “issuer,” the company that issued the bond.
In exchange, the company promises to return the money, also known as “principal,” on a specified maturity date. Until that date, the company usually pays you a stated rate of interest, generally semi-annually. Corporate bond does not have an ownership interest in the issuing company, unlike when one purchases the company’s equity stock.
In India, given the absence of a well-functioning corporate bond market, the burden of financing infrastructure projects such as roads, ports, and airports is more on banks and the general government. This, in turn, puts lenders such as the banks under pressure as reflected in the ballooning of bad loans. -
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding Current Account Deficit (CAD).
1. A current account deficit indicates that a country is importing more than it is exporting.
2. Both government and private payments are included in the calculation of CAD.
3. CAD is always bad for the country and its economy as it drains the country’s forex reserves.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?Correct
The current account deficit is a measurement of a country’s trade where the value of the goods and services it imports exceeds the value of the products it exports. A current account deficit indicates that a country is importing more than it is exporting. A current account deficit is not always detrimental to a nation’s economy— external debt may be used to finance lucrative investments. Both government and private payments are included in the calculation of CAD.
Incorrect
The current account deficit is a measurement of a country’s trade where the value of the goods and services it imports exceeds the value of the products it exports. A current account deficit indicates that a country is importing more than it is exporting. A current account deficit is not always detrimental to a nation’s economy— external debt may be used to finance lucrative investments. Both government and private payments are included in the calculation of CAD.
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Question 3 of 5
3. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following steps can be taken by the RBI and the government to stabilise the currency markets?
1. Increasing the limit for outbound investment and remittances from India.
2. Using local currency for trade with major trading partners.
3. Liberalisation of FDI norms
Select the correct answer codeCorrect
Statement 1: To reduce capital outflow, RBI can reduce the limit for outbound investment and remittances from India.
Statement 2: The government can explore the possibility of using local currency for trade with major trading partners to reduce the trade deficit.
Statement 3: The government can liberalise the FDI limits to encourage capital inflows.Incorrect
Statement 1: To reduce capital outflow, RBI can reduce the limit for outbound investment and remittances from India.
Statement 2: The government can explore the possibility of using local currency for trade with major trading partners to reduce the trade deficit.
Statement 3: The government can liberalise the FDI limits to encourage capital inflows. -
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following developments may not likely reduce the fiscal deficit?
1. Increasing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
2. Providing budgetary support to public sector enterprises
3. Waiving off farm loans.
4. Austerity measures should be adopted.
Select the correct answer codeCorrect
Fiscal deficit (FD) is the difference between revenue receipts plus non-debt capital receipts on the one side and total expenditure including loans, net of repayments, on the other. It measures the gap between the government consumption expenditure including loan repayments and the anticipated income from tax and non-tax revenues. It also indicates the borrowing requirements of the government from all sources. The bigger the gap the more the government will have to borrow or resort to printing money to make both ends meet. Indiscriminate borrowings will push the economy into debt trap, while too much deficit financing may be inflationary.
Increasing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) tend to bring more revenue to the government there by reducing FD. Austerity measures are reductions in government spending, increases in tax revenues, or both which can reduce FD.
Providing budgetary support to public sector enterprises and Waiving off farm loans increase government expenditure thus increasing FD.Incorrect
Fiscal deficit (FD) is the difference between revenue receipts plus non-debt capital receipts on the one side and total expenditure including loans, net of repayments, on the other. It measures the gap between the government consumption expenditure including loan repayments and the anticipated income from tax and non-tax revenues. It also indicates the borrowing requirements of the government from all sources. The bigger the gap the more the government will have to borrow or resort to printing money to make both ends meet. Indiscriminate borrowings will push the economy into debt trap, while too much deficit financing may be inflationary.
Increasing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) tend to bring more revenue to the government there by reducing FD. Austerity measures are reductions in government spending, increases in tax revenues, or both which can reduce FD.
Providing budgetary support to public sector enterprises and Waiving off farm loans increase government expenditure thus increasing FD. -
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
1 pointsIf a country is consistently running a negative trade balance, which of the following is necessarily implied?
1. The nation is economically a developing country.
2. The nation’s currency is weak as compared to Dollar, which is the international reserve currency.
3. There is little or no demand for the country’s exports in international market.
4. The nation is grappling with high inflation and low growth.
Select the correct answer codeCorrect
Statements 1, 2 and 3: United States of America continuously runs a trade deficit, but it is not a developing country, neither is its currency weak, nor is the demand for its exports weak. A negative trade balance simply implies that the demand of the resident for foreign goods outstrips what foreign residents demand from that nation.
Moreover, you should see other factors like capital flows in the nation, remittances etc and the overall BoP situation. If it is favourable (positive), statement 2 would be incorrect.
Statement 4: It again depends on the overall BoP situation. If the BoP as well as trade balance is negative, the nation may suffer from currency devaluation. However, still we cannot conclusively say anything about he growth and inflation in the country. It depends on the economy’s structure and its export-import composition. For e.g. if rupee devaluates, we pay a higher price of essential commodities like oil, which inflate domestic prices.Incorrect
Statements 1, 2 and 3: United States of America continuously runs a trade deficit, but it is not a developing country, neither is its currency weak, nor is the demand for its exports weak. A negative trade balance simply implies that the demand of the resident for foreign goods outstrips what foreign residents demand from that nation.
Moreover, you should see other factors like capital flows in the nation, remittances etc and the overall BoP situation. If it is favourable (positive), statement 2 would be incorrect.
Statement 4: It again depends on the overall BoP situation. If the BoP as well as trade balance is negative, the nation may suffer from currency devaluation. However, still we cannot conclusively say anything about he growth and inflation in the country. It depends on the economy’s structure and its export-import composition. For e.g. if rupee devaluates, we pay a higher price of essential commodities like oil, which inflate domestic prices.
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