Explanation:

• The Foreign Exchange Management (Non-debt Instruments) Rules, 2019 currently recognise the marketplace and inventory model. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• It permit 100% FDI under the automatic route to marketplace entities as also to those engaged in single-brand retail. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• Foreign investments, up to 51%, are permitted in multi-brand retail with prior government approval. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
• As per the non-debt rules, entities engaged in single-brand retail are permitted to undertake retail trading through e-commerce.
• However, single-brand retail trading through e-commerce has to open a brick-and-mortar store within two years from the date it commences online retail.
• Retail trading, in any form, by means of e-commerce, is not permissible for entities engaged in inventory-based multi-brand retail trading and having foreign investment.

Invenetory model and marketplace model

• Marketplace model of e-commerce means providing of an information technology platform by an e-commerce entity on a digital and electronic network to act as a facilitator between buyer and seller. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect
• The main feature of the market place model is that the e-commerce firm like flipkart, snapdeal, amazon etc. will be providing a platform for customers to interact with a selected number of sellers. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
• Inventory model of ecommerce means an ecommerce activity where inventory of goods and services is owned by e-commerce entity and is sold to the consumers directly.
• The main feature of inventory model is that the customer buys the product from the ecommerce firm.

Pinaka Missile System

• Pinaka is an indigenously developed rocket system named after Lord Shiva’s mythological bow.
• It is used for attacking the adversary targets prior to the close-quarter battles which involve smaller range artillery, armoured elements and the infantry.
• The development of the Pinaka was started by the DRDO in the late 1980s, as an alternative to the multi-barrel rocket launching systems of Russian make, called like the ‘Grad’, which are still in use.
• After successful tests of Pinaka Mark-1 in late 1990, it was first used in the battlefield during the Kargil War of 1999, quite successfully.

Exercise Indra

It is a joint, tri-services exercise between India and Russia
This series of exercise began in 2003 and the First joint Tri-Services Exercise was conducted in 2017.
Company sized mechanized contingents, fighter and transport aircraft, as well as ships of respective Army, Air Force and Navy, participate in this exercise of ten days duration

Explanation: The Digital Single Market strategy was adopted by European Union on the 6 May 2015. It aims to open up digital opportunities for people and business and enhance Europe’s position as a world leader in the digital economy.