Explanation:

About PM-CARES Fund
The fund will be a public charitable trust under the name of ‘Prime Minister’s Citizen Assistance and Relief in Emergency Situations Fund’.
The PM is Chairman of this trust and members include the Defence Minister, Home Minister and Finance Minister.
Contributions to the fund will qualify as corporate social responsibility (CSR) spending that companies are mandated to make.
The Fund accepts micro-donations as well.
Not a public authority
The PMO cited a Supreme Court observation that indiscriminate and impractical demands under RTI Act for disclosure of all and sundry information would be counterproductive.
PM-CARES Fund is not a Public Authority under the ambit of Section 2(h) of the RTI Act, 2005.
However, relevant information in respect of PM-CARES Fund may be seen on its website.

What is Kisan Credit Card (KCC)?
KCC is a credit scheme introduced in August 1998 by banks to extend credit facilities to farmers.
This model scheme was prepared by the NABARD on the recommendations of R.V. GUPTA committee to provide term loans for agricultural needs
Participating institutions include all commercial banks, Regional Rural Banks, and state co-operative banks. The scheme has short term credit limits for crops and term loans.
KCC offering credit to the farmers is of two types: 1. Cash Credit 2. Term Credit (for allied activities such as pump sets, land development, plantation, drip irrigations).
Facilities under KCC
Credit card and passbook or credit card cum passbook provided to eligible farmers facilitate revolving cash credit facility.
Any number of withdrawals and repayments within a limit, which is fixed on the basis of operational land holding, cropping pattern and scale of finance can be made.
Each withdrawal has to be repaid within a maximum period of 12 months and the Card is valid for 3 to 5 years subject to annual review.
Conversion/reschedulement of loans is permissible in case of damage to crops due to natural calamities.
Crop loans disbursed under KCC Scheme for notified crops are covered under Rashtriya Krishi Bima Yojana, to protect farmers against loss of crop yield caused by natural calamities, pest attacks etc.

1. Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) Model
So, NHAI is the National Highways Authority of India and is largely responsible for building and maintaining roads.
Its preferred method to get the job done is to deploy what is called the BOT model.
The Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) model, as the name suggests is a way for NHAI to offload its responsibilities of road building to private contractors.
Under BOT model, private contractors build the road, operate it, make money off of collecting toll, and after about 10–15 years, they hand over the road back to NHAI.
There aren’t enough private contractors willing to bid for such projects because — hey, maintaining and operating a road is a pain.
Why pain? You have to wait 15 years to recoup all the money you had to pour in to build the damn thing. That’s the pain.
2. Engineering, procurement and Construction (EPC) model
Under the EPC (Engineering, Procurement & Construction) model, NHAI pays private contractors first, so that they can help NHAI build the road.
The contractor does not operate or collect tolls here.
Instead, it can walk away scot-free with money in its coffers once it’s done building the road.
But it’s hard for the government to shore up all the resources required upfront.
3. Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM)- The middle path
It’s a nice little mix of both EPC and BOT.
Under it, NHAI pays some money upfront in fixed installments usually, 40% of the project cost.
And the private contractor does his bit by putting up the rest and finishing the project.
However, once the construction is complete, the contractor does not make money off of collecting toll.
Instead, he transfers the assets over to NHAI.
So its incumbent on the government to pay the rest of the money once the project takes off.
And the payments are dependent on the asset created, the performance of the developer, and a few other things.
However, since the payouts usually last 15–20 years we need to find a way to determine what kind of money the government pays the contractor every 6 months.
And here’s the best way to think about this — So when the government pays the 40% upfront, it’s promising to pay the 60% sometime in the future.
It’s money they owe the contractor.

Explanation: During the period 1780–1860 India changed from an exporter of processed goods paid for in bullion to an exporter of raw materials and a buyer of manufactured goods. In the 1750s fine cotton and silk was exported from India to markets in Europe, Asia, and Africa, while by the second quarter of the 19th century, raw materials, which chiefly consisted of raw cotton, opium, and indigo, accounted for most of India’s exports.

Explanation : Sthanakvasi is a sect of svetambara Jainism founded by a merchant named Lavaji in 1653 AD. It believes that idol worship is not essential in the path of soul purification and attainment of Nirvana/Moksha. The sect is essentially a reformation of the one founded on teachings of Lonka, a fifteenth-century Jain reformer. Sthānakavāsins accept thirty-two of the Jain Agamas, the Śvētāmbara canon. Śvētāmbarins who are not Sthānakavāsins are mostly part of the Murtipujaka sect.