• Statements 2 and 3 are correct. Statement 1 is incorrect.
• Statement 1 is incorrect. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan said that religion should be adaptable with time or else it would become fossilized, and that religious tenet were not immutable.
• Statement 2 is correct. In 1838, Syed Ahmad entered the service of East India Company and went on to become a judge at a Small Causes Court in 1867, and retired from service in 1876.
• Statement 3 is correct. He struggled to bring about an improvement in the position of women through better education and by opposing purdah and polygamy, advocating easy divorce, and condemning the system of Piri and muridi.

Statements 2, 3 and 4 are correct. Statement 1 is incorrect.
• The Swadeshi Movement fizzled out by 1908 due to the following reasons:
1. Severe government repression.
2. Lack of effective organisation and a disciplined focus.
3. With arrest, deportation of all leaders, the movement left leaderless.
4. Split in nationalist ranks.
5. Narrow social base.
• Thus, statements 2, 3 and 4 are correct.
• The annulment of Partition of Bengal was done in 1911 in Delhi Durbar after waning away of Swadeshi movement. Thus, statement 1 is incorrect.

Option 1, 4 and 5 are correct. Options 2 and 3 are incorrect.
• The reform movements could broadly be classified in two categories: Reformist movements like the Brahmo Samaj, the Prarthana Samaj, the Aligarh movement, and the Revivalist movements like Arya Samaj and the Deoband movement. Hence, the correct answer is (A).
• Both the reformist and revivalist movements depended, with varying degrees, on an appeal to the lost, purity of the religion they sought to reform. The only difference between one reform movement and the other lay in the degree to which it relied on tradition or on reason and conscience.
Revivalist movements appealed more to tradition than reason and conscience.
These movements aimed to demonstrate that ancient Indian socio-cultural ideas were progressive and rationalist.
Examples- Arya Samaj movement, Deoband movement, Wahabi Movement, Ahmadiyya movement
Both Wahabi and Ahmadiya movements were revivalist movements. These movements relied to a greater degree on the lost purity of religion they sought to reform.

Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Statement 2 is incorrect.
• Statement 1 is correct. Mahadev Govind Ranade (1842-1901) devoted his entire life to Prarthana Samaj. He was the founder of the Widow Remarriage Association (1861) and the Deccan Education Society. He established the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha as well.
• Statement 2 is incorrect. In 1902, Munshi Ram founded a Gurukul at Kangri in Haridwar. Lokmanya Tilak was the Deccan Education Society (1884) along with his associate Gopal Ganesh Agarkar and others.
• Statement 3 is correct. The Native Marriage Act had a limited impact as the Act was not applicable to Hindus, Muslims and other recognised faiths.

Statements 2 and 3 are correct. Statement 1 is incorrect.
• Statement 1 incorrect. Narayan Malhar Joshi founded the Social Service League in Bombay In 1911. Joshi also founded the All India Trade Union Congress (1920).

Statement 2 is correct. The Social Service League in Bombay with an aim to secure for the masses better and reasonable conditions of life and work.

Statement 3 is correct. The Social Service League organized many schools, libraries, reading rooms, day nurseries and cooperative societies. Their activities also included police court agents’ work, legal aid and advice to the poor and illiterate, excursions for slum dwellers, facilities for gymnasia and theatrical performances, sanitary work, medical relief and boys’ clubs and scout corps.

Option A is correct.
• Sasipada Banerjee was a radical Brahman. He founded the working men’s club in Bengal. He also published a journal, the Bharat Sramjibi (Indian worker) in 1874, and organized night schools to spread’education among the jute mill workers. But he did not form a trade union.

Both the statements are correct.
• The Santhal Rebellion (1855-56) Continued oppression of the Santhals, an agricultural people, who had fled to settle in the plains of the Rajmahal hills (Bihar) led to the Santhal rebellion against the zamindars. The money-lenders who had the support of the police among others had joined the zamindars to subject the peasants to oppressive exactions and dispossession of lands.
• The rebellion soon turned into an anti-British movement. Under Sidhu and Kanhu, two brothers, the Santhals proclaimed an end to Company rule, and declared the area between Bhagalpur and Rajmahal as autonomous. The rebellion was suppressed by 1856.

Pairs 1, 3 and 4 are correctly matched. Pair 2 is incorrectly matched. Kukis revolted against the British policies of recruiting labour during the First World War.
• Kharwar rebellion was led by kharwars (in 1870) in Bihar against the revenue settlement activities of the British government.

Statements 2 and 3 are correct. Statement 1 is incorrect.
• Statement 1 is incorrect. The ryots of the Deccan region of western India suffered heavy taxation under the Ryotwari system. The Permanent settlement was not extended to Bombay and Central province.
• Statement 2 is correct. The end of the American civil war in 1864, had worsened The conditions due to a crash in cotton prices.
• Statement 3 is correct. the moneylender were the exploiter and the main beneficiary. These moneylenders were mostly outsiders—Marwaris or Gujaratis.

Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Statement 3 is incorrect.
• Statement 1 is correct. The policy of Ring Fence aimed at creating buffer zones to defend the East India Company’s frontiers.
• Statement 2 is correct. The main threat was from the Marathas and Afghan invaders (the Company undertook to organize Awadh defense to safeguard Bengal’s security).
• Statement 3 is incorrect. The states surrendered all forms of external sovereignty but retained sovereignty in internal administration (Policy of SubOrdinate Isolation).