Tropical Deciduous Forests are the most widespread forests in India. They are also called the monsoon forests. They spread over regions which receive rainfall between 70-200 cm. On the basis of the availability of water, these forests are further divided into moist and dry deciduous.
The Moist deciduous forests are more pronounced in the regions which record rainfall between 100-200 cm. These forests are found in the north-eastern states along the foothills of Himalayas, eastern slopes of the Western Ghats and Odisha. Teak, sal, shisham, hurra,mahua, amla, semul, kusum, and sandalwood etc. are the main species of these forests.

Kochi is a major port city on the south-west coast of India bordering the Laccadive Sea. Called the Queen of the Arabian Sea, Kochi was an important spice trading centre on the west coast of India from the 14th century onward.

Cyclone brings instability in the atmosphere and its direction is clockwise in southern hemisphere. Anticyclone has opposite features to it.

The factors affecting Ocean Salinity are:
The salinity of water in the oceans depend mainly on evaporation and precipitation. Precipitation is inversely related
to salinity. Higher the precipitation, lower the salinity and vice-versa.
• Wind influences salinity of an area by transferring water to other areas.
• Salinity in coastal regions is influenced by the fresh water flow from rivers, and in Polar Regions by the processes of freezing and thawing of ice.
• The ocean currents also contribute to the salinity variations.

There are three main reasons for the excessive cold in north India during this season:
(i) States like Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan being far away from the moderating influence of sea experience continental climate.
(ii) The snowfall in the nearby Himalayan ranges creates cold wave situation; and
(iii) Around February, the cold winds coming from the Caspian Sea and Turkmenistan bring cold wave along with
frost and fog over the north-western parts of India.