In July 1905, Curzon announced the partition of the undivided Bengal Presidency. Curzon left for Britain in 1905, but the agitation continued for many years. Partition was finally reversed in 1911 by Lord Hardinge in the face of unrelenting opposition.

The Calico Act banned the import of most cotton textiles into England, followed by the restriction of sale of most cotton textiles. It was a form of economic protectionism, largely in response to India (particularly Bengal), which dominated world cotton textile markets at the time. The Act was a precursor to the Industrial Revolution, when Britain eventually surpassed India as the world’s leading textile manufacturer in the 19th century.

Home rule Movement aimed to get self-government for India within the British Empire and not complete erosion of British sovereignty. Home rule movement believed that the freedom was the natural right of all nations. They didn’t emphasize on separate electorates

Henry Vivian Derozio was the founder of the Young Bengal Movement. He taught in the Hindu College, Calcutta. His followers were known as the Derozians and their movement the Young Bengal Movement.
They attacked old traditions and decadent customs. They also advocated women’s rights and their education. They founded associations and organized debates against idol worship, casteism and superstitions.

The word Satyagraha was used for the first time in Anti Rowlatt Act agitation.
Gandhi was requested by Rajkumar Shukla, a local man, to look into the problems of the farmers in context of indigo planters of Champaran in Bihar. The European planters had been forcing the peasants to grow indigo on 3/20 part of the total land (called tinkathia system). When towards the end of the nineteenth century German synthetic dyes replaced indigo, the European planters demanded high rents and illegal dues from the peasants in order to maximise their profits before the peasants could shift to other crops. Besides, the peasants were forced to sell the produce at prices fixed by the Europeans.