Direct Sources: The most easily available solid earth material is surface rock or the rocks we get from mining areas. Besides mining, scientists have taken up a number of projects to penetrate deeper depths to explore the conditions in the crustal portions. Many deep drilling projects have provided large volume of information through the analysis of materials collected at different depths. Volcanic eruption forms another source of obtaining direct information.
Indirect Sources: Another source of information are the meteors that at times reach the earth. The other indirect sources include gravitation, magnetic field, and seismic activity.

Statement 1 is incorrect while statement 2 is correct.
The portion of the interior beyond the crust is called the mantle. It has a density higher than the crust’s (3.4 g/cm3). The outer core of Earth is in liquid state while the inner core is in solid state. The core is made up of very heavy material mostly constituted by nickel and iron. It is sometimes referred to as the nife layer.

Statement 1 is correct while statement 2 is incorrect.
Earthquake waves are basically of two types — body waves and surface waves. Body waves are generated due to the release of energy at the focus and move in all directions travelling through the body of the earth. There are two types of body waves. They are called P and S-waves.
P-waves move faster and are the first to arrive at the surface. These are also called ‘primary waves’. The P-waves are similar to sound waves. They travel through gaseous, liquid and solid materials.
S-waves arrive at the surface with some time lag. These are called secondary waves. An important fact about S-waves is that they can travel only through solid materials. The surface waves are the last to report on seismograph. These waves are more destructive. They cause displacement of rocks, and hence, the collapse of structures occurs.

Option 1 is correctly matched. Sariska Tiger Reserve is in the Alwar district, Rajasthan. Option 2 is incorrectly matched. Pakke Tiger Reserve, also known as Pakhui Tiger Reserve, in the Pakke Kessang district of Arunachal Pradesh.
Option 3 is incorrectly matched. Nameri National Park is in the eastern Himalayas in the Sonitpur District of Assam.

E-100 pilot project was launched in Pune to mark the World Environment Day on Saturday. The ambitious project aims to set up a network for production and distribution of ethanol across the nation.