Note4Students

From UPSC perspective, the following things are important :

Prelims level: Guru Tegh Bahadur

Mains level: Not Much

guru

The Parkash Purab (birth anniversary) of Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth guru of the Sikhs, was celebrated on April 11.

Who was Guru Tegh Bahadur?

Guru Tegh Bahadur was born on April 1, 1621, in Amritsar, Punjab.
He was the ninth Guru of the Sikhs and the son of Guru Hargobind, the sixth Guru of the Sikhs, and Mata Nanaki.
His birth name was Tyag Mal, which means “master of renunciation.”
He spent his early years in Amritsar and was trained in religious studies, martial arts, and horse riding.
He was also trained in music and poetry, and he became a skilled poet and musician.

His teachings and beliefs

Guru Tegh Bahadur’s teachings were based on the importance of meditation, self-discipline, and living a moral and ethical life.
He believed in the idea of one God and the unity of all religions.
His term as Guru ran from 1665 to 1675. One hundred and fifteen of his hymns are in Guru Granth Sahib.
He emphasized the importance of serving others and treating everyone with respect and dignity, regardless of their religion or social status.
He also believed in the principle of selfless service and encouraged his followers to help those in need.

Guru Tegh Bahadur played a crucial role in Sikh history by defending the religious freedom of Hindus against the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.
Aurangzeb was known for his intolerance towards non-Muslims and had imposed a tax on Hindu pilgrims visiting the holy city of Varanasi.
When a group of Kashmiri Pandits approached Guru Tegh Bahadur for help, he decided to defend their right to practice their religion freely.
He refused to convert to Islam despite facing torture and persecution, and was eventually executed by Aurangzeb in 1675.
His martyrdom is remembered as a significant event in Indian history, and he is considered a hero and a martyr by Sikhs around the world.

His legacy continues to inspire Sikhs and people of all religions and backgrounds.
His teachings and beliefs are an essential part of Sikhism today and are embodied in the Sikh scripture, the Guru Granth Sahib.
He is remembered as a saint, scholar, and warrior who sacrificed his life to defend the rights of others.
Many Gurudwaras (Sikh temples) around the world are dedicated to him, including the Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib in Delhi, where he was martyred.
His martyrdom is commemorated each year on the occasion of Guru Tegh Bahadur’s Martyrdom Day, which is observed on December 19.

Q.Consider the following Bhakti Saints:

Who among the above was/were preaching when the Lodi dynasty fell and Babur took over?

(a) 1 and 3

(b) 2 only

(d) 1 and 2

Post your answers here.

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