Note4Students

From UPSC perspective, the following things are important :

Prelims level: Direct Seeding of Rice (DSR)

Mains level: Read the attached story

rice paddy direct

Central Idea

The ongoing southwest monsoon season in India has registered a deficiency of 37.2% in rainfall.
Weak monsoon affects paddy cultivation, a water-intensive crop.
This article explores the Direct Seeding of Rice (DSR) as a water-saving alternative to traditional transplanting methods in the context of deficient rainfall.

Understanding Direct Seeding of Rice (DSR)

DSR is the method of directly sowing paddy in the field without nursery preparation, puddling, or flooding.
Traditional transplanting methods use flooded fields to suppress weed growth and provide oxygen to the roots.
DSR replaces water with chemical herbicides for weed control.
DSR offers potential water savings and reduces irrigation dependency during early crop stages.

DSR Technique and Water Savings

Field Preparation: Ploughing, laser levelling, and soil compaction to retain moisture.
Sowing: Using DSR machines for direct sowing in the field.
Weed Control: Application of pre-emergent herbicides to suppress weed germination.
Reduced Irrigation: First irrigation required 18-20 days after sowing, reducing water usage.

Water Savings: DSR reduces the total number of irrigations compared to traditional methods.
Labor Savings: DSR machines cover larger areas in less time, reducing labor requirements and costs.
Herbicide Costs: Additional expenses for herbicides are offset by savings in labor costs.

Subsidized Electricity: Availability of subsidized or free electricity for irrigation reduces incentives for DSR adoption.
Machine Design: Limited access to well-designed and efficient DSR machines hampers widespread adoption.
Proper Plant Spacing: Achieving optimal plant-to-plant distance is crucial for successful DSR.
Policy Incentives: State governments offering financial incentives for DSR adoption, such as in Haryana and Punjab.

Conservation of Water Resources: DSR reduces water consumption and contributes to water conservation efforts.
Reduced Carbon Footprint: DSR eliminates the need for flooding fields, reducing methane emissions.
Soil Health and Erosion Prevention: DSR promotes soil health by minimizing soil disturbance and erosion risks.

Government Initiatives: Promoting DSR through subsidies, awareness campaigns, and support for efficient machine development.
Research and Development: Continuous research to improve DSR techniques, herbicide efficiency, and machine design.
Farmer Education and Training: Enhancing knowledge and capacity-building programs to encourage wider DSR adoption.
Future Prospects: Increasing DSR adoption can contribute to sustainable agriculture and resilience against water scarcity.

Direct Seeding of Rice (DSR) offers a viable water-saving alternative to traditional transplanting methods.
Adoption of DSR can mitigate the impact of deficient rainfall and water scarcity.
Development of efficient DSR machines, supportive policies, and continuous research are crucial for widespread adoption of this sustainable farming technique.