Wildlife Conservation Efforts

Places in news: Hollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary         

Note4Students

From UPSC perspective, the following things are important :

Prelims level: Hollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary, Hoolock Gibbons

Mains level: NA

Hollongapar

Central Idea

  • The Hollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary in Assam, home to the endangered western hoolock gibbon, is facing habitat fragmentation due to a railway track that divides the sanctuary.

Hoolock Gibbons

  • They are a unique primate species, inhabit various regions across India’s northeastern part, particularly in states like Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland.
  • These arboreal creatures are known for their distinctive vocalizations and tree-dwelling behavior.
  • There are two recognized species of hoolock gibbons found in India: the eastern hoolock gibbon (Hoolock leuconedys) and the western hoolock gibbon (Hoolock hoolock).
  • These gibbons play an essential role in the ecosystem by aiding in seed dispersal and maintaining forest health.

Conservation status

  • IUCN Red List:
    1. Western Hoolock Gibbon: Classified as Endangered
    2. Eastern Hoolock Gibbon: Classified as Vulnerable
  • Indian (Wildlife) Protection Act 1972: both listed on Schedule 1 of the

About Hollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary

  • The HGS is located in the Jorhat district of Assam, India.
  • It was established in 1997 as a protected area primarily to conserve the western hoolock gibbon, an endangered primate species.
  • The sanctuary covers an area of approximately 20.98 square kilometers.
  • Set aside initially in 1881, its forests used to extend to the foothills of the Patkai mountain range.
  • It contains India’s only gibbons – the hoolock gibbons, and Northeastern India’s only nocturnal primate – the Bengal slow loris.

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