Both the statements are incorrect.

The International Energy Agency (IEA) was not established under the framework of the United Nations. It was created in response to the 1973 oil crisis and is an autonomous agency within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The IEA’s primary objective is to promote energy security among its member countries.

Membership in the IEA is not open to all United Nations member states. The IEA is composed of 30 member countries, which are typically those that are major energy consumers and members of the OECD. Membership is by invitation and is based on specific criteria, including the country’s energy needs and its ability to contribute to the IEA’s goals.

Only 3 is correct.

Phytoplankton float on top surface of water bodies and require sunlight to thrive. Ice cover will reduce their breeding grounds and population.
The snow cover blocks exchange of nutrients and oxygen from the atmosphere.
Snow cover of ice on water body can effectively cut off light, plunging the waters into darkness.
Hence photosynthesis stops but respiration continues. Thus, in shallow lakes, oxygen gets depleted, and due to lack of oxygen there is large scale death of fishes and other organisms. This condition is known as winterkill.

Article 2 of the Constitution grants two powers to the parliament: the power to admit into the Union new states and the power to establish new states. It does not deal with the formation of or changes in the existing states of the Union. Article 3 deals with the internal re-adjustments of the territories. Hence, the increase in area of any state and altering the boundaries of states comes under the purview of Article 3.

Statement 1 is correct while statement 2 is incorrect.

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has strengthened regulations for Regulated Entities (RE), including banks and financial institutions, to curb the evergreening of loans through investments in Alternative Investment Funds (AIFs).

Evergreening of loans refers to the practice where a lender extends new creditto borrowers who are struggling to meet their debt obligations. Instead of addressing the underlying financial issues, the lender provides additional funds, essentially giving the appearance that the borrower’s financial situation is stable.

This can create a temporary illusion of credit worthiness but may lead to a cycle of increasing debt and delayed resolution of financial difficulties. Regulatory authorities often aim to prevent evergreening to ensure a transparent and healthy financial system.

Only statement 1 is correct.

The World Development Report is an annual publication by the World Bank that indeed focuses on a specific theme related to development. It provides in-depth analysis and recommendations on key developmental issues.

Statements 2 and 3 are incorrect. The Ease of Doing Business Report was previously published by the World Bank, but it is no longer produced by the World Bank. The report provided an assessment of the business regulatory environment, but the World Bank has since discontinued this specific publication.

The Human Development Index (HDI) is not a report released by the World Bank. It is a composite index developed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to measure a country’s average achievements in three basic dimensions of human development: health, education, and standard of living.