Answer: (a)
Only statement 1 is correct, 2 is not correct.
• The GeM is a one-stop National Public Procurement Portal to facilitate online procurement of common use Goods & Services required by various Government Departments / Organizations / PSUs.
• It was launched in 2016 by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
• It has been developed by Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals (under MCI) with technical support of National e-governance Division (MEITy).

Answer: (b)
Statements 1 and 2 are correct, 3 is not correct.
• Particulate matter (PM) consists of a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets suspended in the air.
• These particles come from various sources, including vehicle emissions, industrial processes, construction activities, agricultural activities, wildfires, and natural dust.
• PM can be classified into different size categories based on its aerodynamic diameter.
• Common size fractions include PM10 (particles with a diameter of 10 micrometers or smaller) and PM2.5 (particles with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or smaller).
• PM 2.5 are so small that they can penetrate deep into the respiratory system and enter the bloodstream, posing significant health risks.
• Long-term exposure to elevated levels of PM2.5 has been linked to reduced lung function, aggravated asthma, and increased risk of heart attacks and strokes.

Answer: (b)
Statement 1 is not correct, 2 is correct.
International Partnership for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in the Economy
• The IPHE was established in 2003 as an international inter-governmental partnership led by the US.
• It aims to accelerate progress in hydrogen and fuel cell technologies.
• IPHE comprises 21 member countries and the European Commission as a non-voting member.
• Member countries include major economies such as the United States, Japan, Germany, China, South Korea, and Canada, among others including India.
• Additionally, the United Kingdom, Russia, and Singapore have also been mentioned in various contexts within the provided sources but are NOT explicitly listed as members of IPHE.

Answer: (d)
National Commission for Women (NCW)
• The NCW is the Statutory Body generally concerned with advising the government on all policy matters affecting women.
• It was established on 31 January 1992 under the provisions of the Indian Constitution as defined in the National Commission for Women Act, 1990.
• The first head of the commission was Jayanti Patnaik.
• The Indian Constitution doesn’t contain any provision specifically made to favor women intrinsically.
• Article 15 (3), Article 14 and Article 21 protect and safeguard women. They are more gender-neutral.
Powers of NCW:
1. Provide consultation on all major policy matters that affect women.
2. Issuing summons for the examination of documents and the witnesses.
3. It has the power to make any public record.
4. Receiving evidence on affidavits
5. Discovery and production of documents
6. Summoning and enforcement

Answer: (d)
Election commission
• The Election Commission of India is an autonomous constitutional body responsible for administering Union and State election processes in India.
• The body administers elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, and State Legislative Assemblies in India, and the offices of the President and Vice President in the country.
• Article 324 to 329 of the constitution deals with powers, function, tenure, eligibility, etc of the commission and the member.
• The election commission has three election commissioners, one Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
• The President appoints Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners.
• They have a fixed tenure of six years, or up to the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier.
• They enjoy the same status and receive salary and perks as available to Judges of the Supreme Court of India.
• The Chief Election Commissioner can be removed from office only through a process of removal similar to that of a Supreme Court judge for by Parliament
• Election commission decides the election schedule for the conduct of both general elections and bye-elections. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.
• It also decides the disputes relating to splits/mergers of recognized political parties. Hence only statement 3 is correct.
• It prepares electoral roll, issues Electronic Photo Identity Card (EPIC).
• It grants recognition to political parties & allots election symbols to them along with settling disputes related to it.
• It issues the Model Code of Conduct in the election for political parties and candidates.
• It sets limits of campaign expenditure per candidate to all the political parties.