Note4Students
From UPSC perspective, the following things are important :
Prelims level: Cerebral palsy
Why in the News?
- The World Cerebral Palsy Day was celebrated on October 6 with the theme ‘#UniquelyCP’.
- It celebrates the uniqueness of individuals living with cerebral palsy by emphasizing that they are not defined by their disability.
About Cerebral Palsy:
| Details | |
| Condition | A group of neurological disorders affecting movement, muscle tone, and posture. |
| Cause | Abnormal brain development, usually before birth; can also occur due to injury during birth or early childhood. |
| Types | – Spastic CP: Stiff muscles, difficulty with movement (most common, 70-80% of cases). – Dyskinetic CP: Uncontrolled movements affecting limbs. – Ataxic CP: Poor balance and coordination. – Mixed CP: Combination of symptoms from different types. |
| Symptoms | Motor skill difficulties (crawling, walking); Muscle stiffness or looseness; Poor coordination and balance; Speech or swallowing difficulties; Seizures in some cases. |
| Diagnosis | Physical examination, MRI scans, developmental monitoring (usually diagnosed within first 2 years). |
| Risk Factors | Premature birth; Low birth weight; Multiple births; Maternal infections; Lack of oxygen during birth. |
| Treatment | – Physical, occupational, and speech therapies. – Medications to reduce muscle stiffness. – Surgery in severe cases. |
| Life Expectancy | Normal life expectancy in many cases, depending on severity and associated complications. |
| Prevention | Some causes are preventable with proper maternal care, but many are not. |
| Policy Support | Niramaya Health Insurance Scheme:
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PYQ:[2020] In order to enhance the prospects of social development, sound and adequate health care policies are needed particularly in the fields of geriatric and maternal health care. Discuss. |
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