Health Sector – UHC, National Health Policy, Family Planning, Health Insurance, etc.

[pib] Decline in Out-of-Pocket Expenditure (OOPE) in Health in India

Note4Students

From UPSC perspective, the following things are important :

Prelims level: NHA estimates

Why in the News?

National Health Accounts (NHA) data for 2021-22 shows a decline in Out-of-Pocket Expenditure (OOPE) on healthcare due to increased government health expenditure (GHE) and an enhanced public healthcare framework.

What are NHA estimates?

  • The NHA estimates are based on the globally accepted framework of ‘A System of Health Accounts (SHA), 2011’ which facilitates inter-country comparisons.
  • This report provides a systematic description of the financial flows in India’s health system by different sources, how the money is spent, how healthcare is provided, and the nature of healthcare services that are used.

Key Observations from the NHA 2021-22 Data:

Details
Decline in Out-of-Pocket Expenditure (OOPE) OOPE has decreased due to increased government investment and improved public healthcare infrastructure, making healthcare more accessible and affordable.
Rise in Government Health Expenditure (GHE) GHE as a percentage of GDP rose from 1.13% in 2014-15 to 1.84% in 2021-22. GHE’s share of overall government spending increased from 3.94% to 6.12%, reflecting the government’s commitment to public healthcare.
Increase in Per Capita Health Spending Per capita health spending tripled from ₹1,108 in 2014-15 to ₹3,169 in 2021-22, allowing for more investment in infrastructure, workforce, and services.
Expansion of Social Security Expenditure (SSE) SSE on healthcare grew from 5.7% to 8.7% of Total Health Expenditure (THE), helping protect individuals from catastrophic health expenses and reducing OOPE.
Growth of Government-Funded Insurance Schemes Programs like Ayushman Bharat and state-level health insurance schemes increased healthcare access for economically vulnerable populations, reducing reliance on personal funds.
Foundation for Universal Health Coverage (UHC) The decline in OOPE and increased public health spending are integral to achieving UHC, aiming for equitable healthcare access for all citizens.

 

PYQ:

[2021] “Besides being a moral imperative of a Welfare State, primary health structure is a necessary precondition for sustainable development.” Analyse.

[2019] In India, the term “Public Key Infrastructure” is used in the context of:

(a) Digital security infrastructure

(b) Food security infrastructure

(c) Health care and education infrastructure

(d) Telecommunication and transportation infrastructure

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