Note4Students
From UPSC perspective, the following things are important :
Prelims level: International Criminal Court (ICC) and its jurisdiction
Why in the News?
The International Criminal Court (ICC) has issued arrest warrant for Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu accusing them of war crimes and crimes against humanity.
About the International Criminal Court (ICC)
| Details | |
| What is it? | • First international permanent court to prosecute individuals for serious international crimes. • Established under the Rome Statute (1998, w.e.f 2002). • 124 countries are States Parties to the Rome Statute. • Headquarters: The Hague, Netherlands. |
| Structural Mandate | • Official languages: English, French, Arabic, Chinese, Russian, and Spanish. • Members: 124 States Parties to the Rome Statute; Palestine (2015) and Malaysia (2019) became the latest members. • Notable non-members: India, Israel, the US, Russia, Ukraine, and China. • Funding: By contributions from member states and voluntary contributions. • Enforcement: Relies on state cooperation for enforcement, as it does not have its own police force. |
| Composition | • Judges: Consists of 18 judges elected by the Assembly of States Parties for a term of 9 years. • Prosecutor: Leads the Office of the Prosecutor and investigates crimes. • Additional Components: Includes the Trust Fund for Victims (2004), Detention Centre, and the Assembly of States Parties. |
| Jurisdiction | Prosecutes 4 main crimes:
• ICC can only prosecute crimes committed after the Rome Statute’s entry into force (July 1, 2002). |
PYQ:[2018] “Rule of Law Index” is released by which of the following?
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