Why in the News?

The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has sought a response from the Central government regarding the use of two highly invasive and alien fish species—Gambusia affinis (Mosquitofish) and Poecilia reticulata (Guppy)—as biological agents for mosquito control in multiple states.

Both species are classified as “invasive and alien” by the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA).

About Gambusia Affinis (Western Mosquitofish)

• It has been widely introduced worldwide as a biological control agent to reduce mosquito populations.
• The mosquitofish primarily feeds on mosquito larvae, small insects, and zooplankton.
• Despite its intended benefits, Gambusia affinis has been identified as one of the world’s most invasive species.
• It is highly aggressive and competes with native fish for resources.
• It also preys on the eggs and juveniles of indigenous fish, amphibians, and invertebrates, leading to a decline in local biodiversity.
• The Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) has listed it among the 100 worst invasive species globally due to its harmful ecological impact.

About Poecilia Reticulata (Guppy, Millionfish, Rainbow Fish)

• Poecilia reticulata, commonly known as the Guppy, Millionfish, or Rainbow Fish, is a small freshwater fish native to Northern South America and the Caribbean.
• It is widely recognized for its vibrant colors and adaptability, making it a popular choice for both aquarium enthusiasts and mosquito control programs worldwide.
• It is a highly adaptable species, capable of surviving in a variety of freshwater environments.
• Guppies are omnivorous, feeding on mosquito larvae, small insects, algae, and organic detritus.
• Their feeding habits make them a common choice for mosquito control programs, although their effectiveness is still debated.
• While guppies are less aggressive than mosquitofish, their population growth can still disrupt local ecosystems.

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