Key Terminologies Used:

• Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR): LFPR is the percentage of the population that is either working or actively seeking work. It measures the active engagement of the population in the labour market.
• Worker Population Ratio (WPR): WPR is the percentage of the population that is employed. It indicates the proportion of the population that is engaged in productive work.
• Unemployment Rate (UR): UR is the percentage of individuals in the labour force who are unemployed. It provides insights into the efficiency of the labour market and the availability of employment opportunities.
• Usual Status (ps+ss): This approach calculates a person’s employment status based on the activities they pursued over the past 365 days. It includes both their principal and subsidiary economic activities.

1. Principal Status (ps): The main activity a person engaged in during the reference period.
2. Subsidiary Status (ss): Any additional economic activities undertaken by a person for at least 30 days during the reference period.

• Current Weekly Status (CWS): CWS measures a person’s employment status based on the activities they pursued in the past 7 days. It focuses on short-term employment fluctuations.

Details

Labour Force Indicators (CWS)

• Urban male LFPR increased from 74.3% to 75.6%, and female LFPR from 25.5% to 25.8%, resulting in an overall increase from 50.3% to 51.0%.
• Shows gradual improvement in workforce participation, especially among males.

• Urban WPR increased from 47.0% to 47.6%, while national WPR remained stable at 53.4% to 53.5%.
• Indicates a slight improvement in the share of employed people in urban areas.

• Rural unemployment decreased from 4.3% to 4.2%, and urban female unemployment decreased from 8.9% to 8.2%.
• Indicates small improvements in employment opportunities, especially in rural and female urban sectors.

• Reduced number of unpaid helpers in rural households led to a decline in WPR and LFPR for rural females.
• Fewer women are engaged in unpaid family work, which may indicate an increase in formal employment.

Labour Force Indicators (PS+SS)

• National LFPR slightly decreased from 59.8% in 2023 to 59.6% in 2024.
• Shows a slight decrease in overall workforce participation at the national level.

• National WPR slightly decreased from 58.0% to 57.7%, indicating a small drop in employment despite stable participation rates.
• Reflects a slight decline in the proportion of the population employed.

• National UR slightly increased from 3.1% to 3.2%, reflecting a small rise in unemployment.
• A minor increase in unemployment, suggests potential challenges in creating enough jobs for the growing population.

(a) large number of people remain unemployed (b) alternative employment is not available (c) marginal productivity of labour is zero (d) productivity of workers is low