Why in the News?

In a major breakthrough, Indian researchers have developed a new type of laser that can be placed directly onto silicon chips, a key component of modern computers.

What is Silicon Photonics?

• Silicon photonics is a technology that uses light (photons) instead of electrical signals to transmit data inside computer systems.
• Light can carry more data at higher speeds with less energy than electricity, making it a promising technology for future computing and data transfer.
• Traditional silicon chips struggle to produce light, requiring external lasers, which were inefficient and costly.
• Silicon photonics can significantly enhance data transfer speed and efficiency, benefiting industries like data centers and telecommunications.

About the Miniaturized Laser Technology

• Indian researchers have successfully integrated a laser directly onto a silicon chip, eliminating the need for separate lasers.
• The laser is made using gallium arsenide (where 20% of gallium atoms had been replaced with indium to achieve optimal light emission), which helps silicon emit light, a crucial step since silicon alone cannot produce light efficiently.
• It uses minimal power, ideal for high-performance, energy-efficient computers.
• Direct integration reduces costs, making the technology scalable for mass production.
• This innovation boosts computing power, particularly in data centers where fast data transfer is critical.
• Efforts are underway to enhance its durability, especially at higher temperatures, for broader industrial use.

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