Mentor’s comment-
- https://indianexpress.com/
article/opinion/columns/ abortion-laws-united-states- her-body-her-choice-8001845/ - https://www.firstpost.com/
opinion/india-should-now-help- us-on-reproductive-rights- laws-10837301.html - In the intro, mention the recent US Supreme Court judgement in which Roe V. Wade judgement was overturned.
- In the body mention that India had enacted the Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act in 1971 even before the Roe V. Wade judgement in 1973. In the next part, explain the implications of the overturning of the judgement for reproductive rights in the US. In the next part, mention the provision of MTP Act and its shortcomings.
- Conclude by mentioning that reproductive rights must be viewed from legal, medical and social perspectives and there is scope for improvement in all three in case of India.
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Deepika
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Coming to the answer, you have written this one quite well.
Both the structure and content of the answer are good.
Intro and negative consequences are fine.
Provisions of MTP Act are also well written, good use of flowchart.. You can also mention coverage under Ayushman Bharat, ESI; access to safe abortion etc.
In issues, points are fine.. However, you can mention that under the Indian Penal Code, 1860, abortion still remains a criminal offence(MTP exception); plus some data could be mentioned to make your points impactful(around 8 women die each day in India due to unsafe abortions).
Conclusion is fine.
Keep practicing. 🙂
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Deepti
This is a 15 marker, so the issues should be elaborated upon a bit. Plus, you have written the whole answer like an essay broadly touching upon points involved. Try to divide it into subparts.
In intro, first line is not required. You could start directly with Roe vs Wade(economic position of India vis-a-vis US is quite obvious), mention of MTP Act is fine. Next, the implications of Roe vs Wade overturning in US should be mentioned, you could write in points- autonomy over bodily choice taken away, more than 20 states where abortion bans could kick in etc. This will help you avoid repetition (last 2 lines of 1st page are basically same).
In next part, talk about MTP Act – provisions along with recent amendments(increased gestation period; wider coverage; covered under Ayushman Bharat, ESI; access to safe abortion). Next you could mention the challenges that still remain in India-Under the Indian Penal Code, 1860, abortion remains a criminal offence(MTP exception) ; ceiling for abortions was raised to 24 weeks only for special categories ; final decision falls not on the pregnant person but on registered medical practitioners (RMP); constitution of a medical board which is able to veto a person’s right to access abortion; affordability and social stigma leading to unsafe abortions; around 8 women die each day in India due to unsafe abortions- all of this could be mentioned.
Lastly, you can conclude by saying that although India might seem ahead in this regard for now, reproductive rights must be viewed from legal, medical and social perspectives and there is scope for improvement in all three aspects.
Please go through the articles attached above and try to structure your answer by dividing question into subparts and addressing each one.
Keep practicing. 🙂
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Chandan
Introduction is fine, here you can mention that MTP Act was legislated in India before the Roe vs Wade judgement in US.
Next, mention briefly how the overturning of the judgement affects US citizens- autonomy over bodily choice taken away, issue of human rights, more than 20 states where abortion bans could kick in etc.
In next part, India’s legislations have been mentioned. You can use diagrams to explain various acts(flowcharts), more content could be included that way.. Some other recent amendments of MTP act could also be mentioned such as wider coverage(contraception failure included as a reason) , covered under Ayushman Bharat, ESI; access to safe abortion etc
In shortcomings, you have mostly mentioned social points.. However, legal and medical aspects could be included too -Under the Indian Penal Code, 1860, abortion remains a criminal offence(MTP exception) ; ceiling for abortions was raised to 24 weeks only for special categories ; final decision falls not on the pregnant person but on registered medical practitioners (RMP); constitution of a medical board which is able to veto a person’s right to access abortion; around 8 women die each day in India due to unsafe abortions.
In conclusion, you could maintain a balance by saying that although India might seem ahead in this regard for now, reproductive rights must be viewed from legal, medical and social perspectives and there is scope for improvement in all three aspects.
Please go through the articles attached above for content improvement. Keep practicing. 🙂
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Vedashree
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Your content is good, you have tried to cover a lot of things but try to make the answer more crisp. Use hub-spoke diagrams, flowcharts etc to tackle some parts of the answer. Everything need not be mentioned in detail.
Introduction is good, implication mentioned is also fine.
Next you have mentioned that India is certainly ahead, avoid taking such a clear stand at such an early stage of the answer- first mention some of the positive developments in India, features of the MTP act ; then mention some of the shortcomings and then finally take a stand based on those.
Next 3 points can be made crisp- no need to mention so much history of MTP act, just mention that it was enacted before Roe vs Wade in 1971, similarly for next two points.
After that in features try to give a 2-3 word gist of each point first, then mention the point for example, for 1st point you could write wider coverage; increased gestation period etc otherwise it all looks clumsy.
Shortcomings are fine, you could add that under Indian Penal Code, 1860, abortion still remains a criminal offence(MTP exception). In conclusion, you could maintain a balance by saying that although India might seem ahead in this regard for now, reproductive rights must be viewed from legal, medical and social perspectives and there is scope for improvement in all three aspects.
Keep practicing. 🙂
JmQPOijgofaERD
Hello
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The content is quite less for a 15 marker. In the end, you need to present a view compared to US, which is also missing.
Try to divide the question into subparts.
Introduction is fine, also try to make a mention of India’s MTP Act which was enacted in 1971 even before the Roe vs Wade judgement.
After that no need to mention the debate in US. Just the implications of Roe vs Wade overturning should be mentioned, you could write in points- autonomy over bodily choice taken away, more than 20 states where abortion bans could kick in etc.
In next part, talk about MTP Act – provisions along with recent amendments(increased gestation period; wider coverage; covered under Ayushman Bharat, ESI; access to safe abortion). Next you could mention the challenges that still remain in India-Under the Indian Penal Code, 1860, abortion remains a criminal offence(MTP exception) ; ceiling for abortions was raised to 24 weeks only for special categories ; final decision falls not on the pregnant person but on registered medical practitioners (RMP); constitution of a medical board which is able to veto a person’s right to access abortion; affordability and social stigma leading to unsafe abortions; around 8 women die each day in India due to unsafe abortions- all of this could be mentioned.
Lastly, you can conclude by saying that although India might seem ahead in this regard for now, reproductive rights must be viewed from legal, medical and social perspectives and there is scope for improvement in all three aspects.
Please go through the articles attached above and try to structure your answer by dividing question into subparts and addressing each one.
Keep practicing. 🙂
0000572698
Naveen
Good attempt; structure of your answer is good. Content is also decent enough.
Introduction is fine, after that briefly the implications of Roe vs Wade overturning in US could be mentioned- autonomy over bodily choice taken away, more than 20 states where abortion bans could kick in etc.
Features of MTP Act are explained well enough, for next part about other measures you could use a hub-spoke diagram.
Issues cover some more dimensions- especially social part is missing- you could mention stigma attached to abortion, issue of affordability, class and caste divide in availing abortion, requirement of approval from a medical board, registered medical practitioners etc could also be mentioned.
Analysis in next part is decent enough, overall you have written well. Just try to look at the issue from multiple dimensions.
Keep practicing. 🙂
8.5/15