Why in the News?

Europe and India need a stronger, more practical partnership and together with the United States, they can become an unbeatable force.

Why do all democratic countries need to come together?

Unified Front Against Authoritarianism: Democracies can counter coercive tactics and aggression from authoritarian regimes like China and Russia by standing together to deter threats to vulnerable nations, and reinforcing global stability.
Advocating Democratic Principles: A collective alliance provides a platform to promote democratic values such as human rights, the rule of law, and free markets fostering an international environment supportive of democracy.
Addressing Global Challenges Collaboratively: Democracies can pool resources and expertise to tackle global issues like climate change, terrorism, and public health crises through joint strategies and initiatives.
Strengthening Economic Ties: Enhanced economic cooperation within an alliance can promote free trade, reduce barriers, and create a resilient network to counter economic coercion from non-democratic states.
Bolstering Democratic Resilience: By sharing best practices, democracies can strengthen their institutions, address internal polarisation, and enhance resilience against threats to their democratic systems.

Geopolitical Counterbalance: India serves as a crucial counterbalance to China in the Indo-Pacific region.
- As a democracy with significant economic growth potential, India’s alignment with European democracies can help counter authoritarian influences, particularly from Russia and China, which pose threats to global democratic norms.
Economic Partnership: The EU-India relationship is economically significant, with India projected to become the world’s third-largest economy in the next decade.
- Strengthening trade ties can enhance economic security for both parties and reduce dependency on China. The EU has recognised India as a ‘Trusted Partner’ in critical sectors such as technology and pharmaceuticals.
Shared Values: Both Europe and India share foundational values of democracy, rule of law, and human rights. This commonality provides a strong basis for collaboration on global issues such as climate change, security, and sustainable development.

Promoting Democratic Values: India can advocate for democratic governance and human rights on international platforms, leveraging its status as the world’s largest democracy to influence other nations positively.
Collaborative Initiatives: Through partnerships like the Trade and Technology Council (TTC), India can collaborate with Europe on emerging technologies and critical industries.
- Such cooperation can promote transparency and ethical standards in technology development.
Defense Cooperation: India’s existing defense collaborations with the U.S. and its role in multilateral security frameworks like the Quad can be expanded to include European partners, enhancing collective security against authoritarian regimes.

Balancing Relations with Russia and China: India’s historical ties with Russia complicate its position within a democratic alliance. While it seeks to maintain these relationships for strategic reasons, it must also navigate criticism from Western allies regarding its stance on Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
Internal Democratic Challenges: India faces significant internal challenges related to its democratic processes, including concerns about political dissent and civil liberties.
- Addressing these issues is essential for India to lead effectively within a global democratic alliance.
Trade Negotiation Stagnation: Ongoing negotiations for a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the EU and India have faced hurdles due to disagreements over sustainability measures and human rights issues.
- Progress in these negotiations is crucial for realizing the full potential of their partnership.

Strengthening Internal Democracy and Rule of Law: India should address domestic concerns related to political dissent, civil liberties, and democratic processes to enhance its credibility and leadership role within a global democratic alliance.
Expanding Strategic Partnerships: India should accelerate negotiations on trade agreements, deepen collaboration in critical sectors like technology and defense, and align with democratic allies to counter authoritarian influences effectively.

Q Indian and USA are two large democracies. Examine the basic tenets on which the two political systems are based. (UPSC IAS/2018)