Central Idea

The UN General Secretary wrote under Article 99 about the escalating threats to peace and security due to the situation in Gaza.
He mentioned the human suffering, deaths, and destruction in Israel and the Occupied Palestine Territory, emphasizing the need for a humanitarian ceasefire.

Understanding Article 99

Charter as an International Treaty: The UN Charter, the founding document of the United Nations, functions as an international treaty binding member states.
Article 99’s Provision: It allows the Secretary-General to bring any matter to the UNSC that may threaten international peace and security.
Discretionary Power: This article is seen as a discretionary power, requiring the Secretary-General to exercise political judgment, tact, and integrity.

Rare Usage: Article 99 has been seldom invoked, with notable instances including the Congo upheaval in 1960 and Tunisia’s complaint against France in 1961.
Current Context: It is indicated that Guterres’ invocation of Article 99 over Gaza is a significant constitutional move.
Details of the Crisis: He mentioned the human suffering, deaths, and destruction in Israel and the Occupied Palestine Territory, emphasizing the need for a humanitarian ceasefire.

Draft Resolution by UAE: Following Guterres’ letter, the United Arab Emirates submitted a draft resolution to the UNSC demanding an immediate ceasefire.
Voting Dynamics: For the resolution to pass, it requires at least nine votes in favor and no vetoes from the five permanent members.
Challenges in Reaching Consensus: The likelihood of unanimous support from permanent members is uncertain, given the US and Britain’s support for Israel’s military actions since October 7.

Guterres’ appeal underscores the severity of the humanitarian crisis in Gaza.
The outcome of the UNSC’s actions, influenced by Guterres’ appeal, remains pivotal in addressing the ongoing conflict and humanitarian situation in Gaza.