The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) has prepared a draft standard for the supply system of piped drinking water.

Try this question for mains:

Q.Climate change, scarcity, population growth, demographic changes and urbanization pose challenges for water supply systems in India. Analyse.

About the Draft

• Labelled ‘Drinking water supply quality management system — requirements for piped drinking water supply service’, the draft has been prepared by the BIS’ Public Drinking Water Supply Services Sectional Committee.
• It outlines the process of water supply, from raw water sources to household taps.
• It has been developed keeping in view the Centre’s Jal Jeevan Mission for providing safe and adequate drinking water to all rural households by 2024 through tap connections.
• It is expected to make the process of piped water supply more uniform, especially in rural and underdeveloped areas of the country where the system runs on various government orders and circulars.
• At present, the standard is expected not to be made mandatory.

Highlights of the draft

• The draft outlines the requirements for a water supplier or a water utility on how they should establish, operate, maintain and improve their piped drinking water supply service.
• The process begins with the identification of a water source, which can either be groundwater or surface water sources such as rivers, streams or reservoirs.
• It doesn’t mention how water utilities should treat the water, but states that the process should be planned in such a manner that after treatment it should conform to the Indian Standard (IS) 10500 developed by the BIS.
• The IS 10500 outlines the acceptable limits of heavy metals such as arsenic, and other parameters like the pH value of water, its turbidity, the total dissolved solids in it, and the colour and odour.

What is the water supply process?

• The supply system as outlined in the draft should begin with the identification of a raw water source.
• Water should then be pumped into the treatment plant and treated to achieve acceptable drinking standards.
• After the water is released from the plant, there should be reservoirs in the distribution system for storage of this water, and disinfection facilities to get rid of contamination at any stage of distribution.
• Pumping stations or boosters, if necessary, should be provided to maintain adequate pressure throughout the distribution system.

District Metering Area (DMA) concept

• The document also states that the concept of district metering area (DMA) should be adopted where possible.
• DMA is a concept for controlling leakages in the water network, which is essentially divided into a number of sectors, called the DMAs, and where flow meters are installed to detect leaks.
• The water supplier/utility may provide bulk water meters in the water distribution system to ensure water audit, however, the provisions should be made for domestic meters also.

What’s there in the draft in addition to the water supply process?

• There are guidelines on water audit, which is a calculation of the amount of water put into distribution against the amount that is consumed.
• The draft states that a water audit should be conducted on a quarterly basis.
• Effort should be made by the water agency to bring down the water loss up to 15% of the total water supplied in the system.
• The water utilities are also required to conduct surveys among consumers and obtain feedback on their service as per the draft.
• Guidelines on internal audit, management review, documenting performance indicators for improvement, and timely action against non-conformity issues also find mention.

Get an IAS/IPS ranker as your 1: 1 personal mentor for UPSC 2024

Attend Now