Central Idea

Delimitation, the process of redrawing electoral boundaries to reflect population changes, is a crucial exercise that ensures fair representation and equal distribution of constituencies.
In Assam, the recent delimitation process has garnered attention due to its impact on political dynamics.

Delimitation in Assam

Historical Basis: The last delimitation in Assam was based on 1971 census data by the Delimitation Commission in 1976. Over time, population shifts necessitate boundary adjustments.
Equitable Representation: Delimitation aims to ensure that the population of constituencies is relatively equal, promoting fair representation.
Legal Authority: Delimitation orders have the force of law and are beyond judicial review.

Delimitation Commission: An independent Delimitation Commission is formed, consisting of retired Supreme Court judges, the Chief Election Commissioner, and State Election Commissioners.
Objectives: The Commission determines boundaries and numbers of constituencies, striving for uniform population distribution.
Reserved Seats: The Commission identifies seats reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes based on their population concentrations.

Draft Proposals: The Commission publishes draft proposals in official gazettes and newspapers, seeking public feedback.
Public Sittings: Public hearings are held to gather opinions and objections.
Final Order: After considering objections and suggestions, the Commission issues a final order published in official gazettes, coming into effect as specified.

Early Delimitation: The first delimitation in 1950-51 was temporary, carried out by the President after India’s first general elections.
Need for Independence: Subsequent delimitation was mandated to be carried out by independent commissions following the dissatisfaction with the first exercise.
Past Instances: Delimitation occurred in 1952, 1963, 1973, and 2002, under Acts of respective years.

Frozen Seats: Delimitation was postponed after the 1981 and 1991 Censuses.
Uniform Growth Rate: Post the 2001 Census, an amendment delayed delimitation until 2026, justified by achieving uniform population growth throughout India.
Last Exercise: The most recent delimitation in Assam (2002-2008) adjusted boundaries based on 2001 Census data and reserved seat allocations.

Delimitation plays a vital role in democratic governance, maintaining equitable representation by accounting for population shifts.
The recent delimitation in Assam, governed by a structured process and legal framework, exemplifies India’s commitment to fair and inclusive electoral practices.