From UPSC perspective, the following things are important :
Prelims level: RNA interference (RNAi)
Why in the News?
Scientists at Tropic, a UK-based biotech company, disabled the PPO gene in bananas slowing down the browning process while allowing normal ripening.
About the Genetically Engineered Bananas
- Genetically engineered bananas are modified using biotechnology to extend shelf life, resist browning, and enhance durability.
- These bananas stay yellow for 12 hours after peeling and are less prone to bruising.
- The modification prevents enzymatic browning, making bananas look fresh for longer without altering their ripening process.
- The modification targets polyphenol oxidase (PPO), the enzyme responsible for browning.
- By disabling PPO activity, oxidation of pigments is slowed, delaying the formation of brown spots.
Gene-Silencing Method Used:
- RNA interference (RNAi) is used to silence the PPO gene, reducing its activity without affecting overall banana development.
- RNAi introduces small RNA molecules that block PPO gene expression, preventing the synthesis of the browning enzyme.
- This method is precise and does not introduce foreign DNA, making it different from traditional genetically modified organisms (GMOs).
- Gene-editing techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are also being explored for future crop modifications.
PYQ:[2019] ‘RNA interference (RNAi)’ technology has gained popularity in the last few years. Why? 1. It is used in developing gene silencing therapies. 2. It can be used in developing therapies for-the treatment of cancer. 3. It can be used to develop hormone replacement therapies. 4. It can be used to produce crop plants that are resistant to viral pathogens. Select the correct answer using the code given below: (a) 1, 2 and 4 (b) 2 and 3 (c) 1 and 3 (d) 1 and 4 only |
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