The Crisis In The Middle East

In news: Arab League

IOCR | International Relations | Mains Paper 2: Bilateral, Regional and Global Groupings and agreements involving India
Note4Students

From UPSC perspective, the following things are important :

Prelims level: Arab League

Why in the News?

The Arab League has strongly rejected US President Donald Trump’s proposal for Gaza relocation, calling it unacceptable.

arab league

About the Arab League

  • The Arab League was founded on March 22, 1945, in Cairo, Egypt.
  • Its founding members included Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and Syria.
  • The primary goals of the Arab League include:
    • Promoting economic, cultural, political, and military cooperation among Arab states.
    • Safeguarding the independence and sovereignty of its members.
    • Addressing regional conflicts through diplomatic engagement and coordination.
  • The League operates on consensus-based decision-making, meaning all member states must agree on major resolutions.
  • It holds regular summits and meetings where Arab leaders discuss and formulate policies.
  • Specialized councils and committees focus on key areas like economic affairs, defense, social welfare, and education.
  • Organisation Structure:
    • Today, it has 22 member states and several observer nations.
    • Members: Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Bahrain, Comoros, Djibouti, Kuwait, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Somalia, Sudan, UAE, and Yemen.
    • Observer Nations: Several non-Arab nations, including Brazil, Eritrea, India, and Venezuela, hold observer status but do not have voting rights.

Key Achievements of the Arab League:

  • Arab Peace Initiative (2002): Proposed a two-state solution to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
  • Military Coordination: Facilitated joint military efforts in various regional conflicts.
  • Economic Integration: Established the Arab Free Trade Area to promote intra-regional trade.
  • Cultural and Educational Exchange Programs: Strengthened cooperation in education, research, and cultural preservation.

 

PYQ:

[2023] Consider the following statements :

Statement-I: Israel has established diplomatic relations with some Arab States.
Statement-II: The ‘Arab Peace Initiative’ mediated by Saudi Arabia was signed by Israel and Arab League.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

(a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I

(b) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I

(c) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect

(d) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct

 

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