Central Idea

Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) has secured legal rights for the unique artistic representation of Gandabherunda Art as symbol of their corporate identity.

About Gandabherunda Art

	Details
Cultural Origin	Ancient motif found in various cultures including Hittites, Egyptians, Sumerians, and Indians.
Introduction to India	Suggested by John Marshall to be introduced by the Shakas (Scythians), but also found in ancient Indian texts.
Ancient Indian References	Appears in Panchatantra, Mahabharata, Panini’s grammar, and Jain texts like Kalpa Sūtra.
Archaeological Sites	Found in Sirkap near Taxila and the Sanchi Stupa.
Literary Appearances	Featured in Buddhist literature and Panchatantra, often symbolizing unity and vigilance.
Karnataka Temple Sculptures	Prominently depicted in Hindu temples in Karnataka, linked to Vishnu’s Narasimha avatar in Narasimha Purana.
Contemporary Significance	State symbol of Karnataka; associated with the Mysuru royal family and the Order of Gandabherunda.
Historical Usage	Earliest depiction in the Mathura art period (1st century CE). Significant use in the Vijayanagara Empire (1336–1646 CE).
Karnataka Emblem	Official state emblem of Karnataka, adopted in 1956.
Architectural Presence	Common in South Indian temple architecture, especially in Karnataka. Notable at the Chennakesava Temple at Belur.
Symbolism	Represents material and spiritual power, strength, and fearlessness.