Why in the News?

India has started leveraging AI to bolster its defence ecosystem, but significant challenges remain.

What are the strategic implications of AI integration in India’s defence?

Enhanced Military Capabilities: The integration of AI is expected to revolutionize military operations through improved predictive analytics, autonomous decision-making systems, and advanced operational efficiency.
Modernization Focus: With a defence budget of ₹6.21 lakh crore ($75 billion) for 2023-24, India is prioritizing modernization efforts, including the development of innovative products like the Indrajaal autonomous drone security system.
Global Competitiveness: To keep pace with countries like Israel and China that have rapidly advanced their military AI capabilities, India recognises the need for a clear vision and strategy for AI deployment in defence.

Funding and Infrastructure: A significant barrier to effective AI integration is the high cost of data centres and the infrastructure necessary for running advanced AI systems. The military’s focus on replacing outdated legacy systems adds to financial pressures.
Fragmented Policies: India’s current policies regarding AI deployment are often fragmented, lacking comprehensive guidelines specifically tailored for military applications. Existing frameworks do not adequately address accountability and transparency in military AI use.
Inter-Service Silos: The historically siloed nature of the Indian Armed Forces—where the Army, Navy, and Air Force operate independently—hinders interoperability and complicates joint operations.

Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs): To enhance technological advancements in defence, India needs to foster collaboration between public sector units (PSUs) and private entities. This approach can leverage the innovation capabilities of startups and private companies.
Knowledge Sharing: Collaborations with foreign tech giants like Microsoft, which has committed approximately $3 billion to develop data centres in India, can facilitate knowledge transfer and resource sharing essential for building a robust AI ecosystem.
Accelerating Innovation: Engaging private sector expertise can lead to faster development cycles and more effective deployment of AI technologies within the military framework.

Way forward:

Strengthen Policy Frameworks and Coordination: Develop cohesive and actionable policies for AI deployment in defence, focusing on inter-service interoperability, accountability, and transparency while operationalizing bodies like DAIC and DAIPA effectively.
Promote Public-Private Collaboration: Enhance public-private partnerships (PPPs) to leverage private innovation and attract foreign investments, ensuring resource optimization and accelerated AI adoption in military operations.

Mains PYQ:

Q Discuss different types of cyber crimes and measures required to be taken to fight the menace. (UPSC IAS/2020)