Why in the News?

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) has recently launched the World Migration Report 2024.

Back2Basics: International Organization for Migration (IOM)
	Details
About	Originated in 1951 as the *Provisional Intergovernmental Committee for the Movement of Migrants from Europe (PICMME)* after World War II’s upheavals. In 2016, IOM agreed with the *United Nations,* becoming a related organization.
Headquarters	Geneva, Switzerland
Members	Currently has 175 Member States and 8 states with Observer status. India became an IOM Member State on 18th June 2008.

Key Highlights of the Report:

The report highlights a significant increase in global migration due to environmental impacts and climate change, with more than 216 million people projected to be on the move within their countries by 2050.
Migration is being used as a strategy to cope with and adapt to the adverse effects of climate change, although its effectiveness varies based on individual circumstances and active involvement of migrants.

Specific Regional Insights:

Climate change has led to severe weather changes, including decreased rainfall and increased temperatures in North Africa, contributing to migration.
Countries like Libya, Algeria, and Morocco have seen migration due to reduced rainfall and increased drought conditions.

Asia:
- In South Asia, particularly Pakistan and Bangladesh, extreme weather events like floods have led to substantial displacement.
- The 2022 floods in Pakistan resulted in nearly 1.7 million displacements and in Bangladesh, record-breaking floods in 2022 triggered over 1.5 million displacements.
- In India, strong influence of climate impacts on internal migration from Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh.

According to the Report, India has consistently been the top recipient of remittances globally. In 2022, India received a record-breaking $111.22 billion in remittances.

India is way ahead of its closely ranked peers Mexico ($61.1 billion), China ($51 billion), Philippines ($38.05 billion) and France ($30.04 billion).
This is the first time any country has crossed the USD 100 billion mark in remittance inflows.
The largest contributions to India’s remittances come from the UAE, USA, and Saudi Arabia, reflecting the extensive Indian diaspora in these regions.

With 18 million international migrants residing primarily in the UAE, USA, and Saudi Arabia, India hosts the world’s largest number of international migrants.
This large diaspora plays a crucial role in the economic linkage between India and these countries through remittances.
India came in 13th as the destination country for immigrants, with 4.48 million.

[2015] Discuss the changes in the trends of labour migration within and outside India in the last four decades.