International Space Agencies – Missions and Discoveries

LEDA 1313424: The Bullseye Galaxy

Why in the News?

NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope recently discovered the Bullseye Galaxy (LEDA 1313424), which contains 9 rings, an unprecedented number.

This finding offers new insights into galaxy evolution and the possibility of the galaxy evolving into a Giant Low Surface Brightness (GLSB) galaxy.

Bullseye Galaxy

About the Bullseye Galaxy (LEDA 1313424):

  • The Bullseye Galaxy is unique for containing 9 rings, an unprecedented number in the study of ringed galaxies.
  • Most ringed galaxies typically have 2 or 3 rings, making this discovery significant.
  • The rings are believed to have formed after a collision with a blue dwarf galaxy about 50 million years ago, causing ripples in the gas and creating star-forming regions that became the rings.
  • While individual stars’ orbits stayed the same, groups of stars gathered, forming distinct rings over time.
  • This discovery offers valuable insights into galaxy interactions and the rare formation of multiple rings.

What are Giant Low Surface Brightness (GLSB) Galaxies?

  • GLSB Galaxies are large, diffuse galaxies with low surface brightness and fewer stars than typical galaxies, making them appear dimmer.
  • These galaxies contain vast hydrogen disks, the fuel for star formation, but their low hydrogen density prevents many stars from forming.
  • GLSB galaxies are believed to contain significant amounts of dark matter, affecting their mass distribution.
  • They have less dense inner regions and challenge current cosmological models due to their hydrogen content and low surface brightness.

Bullseye Galaxy and Its Possible Evolution into a GLSB Galaxy:

  • It shares traits with GLSB galaxies, such as its extended disk and hydrogen content.
  • Researchers suggest that the Bullseye Galaxy might evolve into a GLSB galaxy, providing insights into the formation of such galaxies and the distribution of dark matter in the universe.
[UPSC 2018] Consider the following phenomena:

1. Light is affected by gravity. 2. The Universe is constantly expanding. 3. Matter warps its surrounding space-time.

Which of the above is/are the prediction/predictions of Albert Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity, often discussed in the media?

Options: (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

 

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