Nobel and other Prizes

Machine Learning pioneers win Physics Nobel

Note4Students

From UPSC perspective, the following things are important :

Prelims level: Artificial Neural Network, Physics Nobel, 2024

Why in the News?

John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, 2024 for their pioneering work that laid the foundation for machine learning and artificial neural network.

What is Artificial Neural Network?

  • Artificial neural networks are systems inspired by the structure of the brain.
  • In these networks, nodes represent the brain’s neurons, and they influence each other through connections, similar to synapses in the brain.
  • These connections can be made stronger or weaker through training.
  • For instance, connections between nodes with high values can become stronger as the network learns.
  • Since the 1980s, Hopfield and Hinton have been conducting important research on artificial neural networks.

Significance of their contribution

  • Hinton’s work on the Boltzmann machine and other neural networks helped drive the explosive growth of machine learning.
  • His methods continue to play a significant role in modern AI, enabling technologies like image classification and pattern recognition.

PYQ:

[2020] With the present state of development, Artificial Intelligence can effectively do which of the following?

1 Bring down electricity consumption in industrial units

2. Create meaningful short stories and songs

3. Disease diagnosis

4. Text-to-Speech Conversion

5. Wireless transmission of electrical energy

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1, 2, 3 and 5 only

(b) 1, 3 and 4 only

(c) 2, 4 and 5 only

(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

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