Note for students: The writer is Prime Minister of India hence there is high possibility UPSC may use this for prelims, mains, interview and essay be aware and alert for these kind of highly valuable articles.

Central idea

India’s G20 presidency prioritized inclusivity, sustainable development, and climate action, offering an alternative to GDP-centric progress. The emphasis on the Global South’s concerns and achievements in digital infrastructure collaboration marked a departure from the status quo.

Key Highlights:

• India’s G20 presidency focused on inclusive, ambitious, action-oriented, and decisive strategies.
• Inclusivity was a central theme, integrating the African Union and emphasizing the Global South’s concerns.
• India introduced the Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) and a Green Development Pact for sustainable progress.
• The G20 2023 Action Plan targeted SDGs, with a special emphasis on health, education, gender equality, and environmental sustainability.
• Commitment to climate justice, equity, and significant financial support for developing countries were key features.

Key Challenges:

• Addressing conflicts, competition, and declining multilateralism.
• Balancing development cooperation amid geopolitical tensions.
• Navigating the transition from GDP-centric to human-centric progress.
• Mobilizing substantial resources for climate and development financing.

Key Terms:

• Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam
• New Delhi Leaders’ Declaration (NDLD)
• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
• Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI)
• Green Development Pact
• Lifestyles for Sustainable Development (LiFE)
• Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)
• Multilateral Development Banks

Key Phrases:

• “One Earth, One Family, One Future”
• “Voice of the Global South Summit”
• “People’s Presidency”
• “Jan Bhagidari” (People’s participation)
• “Digital Public Infrastructure Repository”
• “Tripling of global renewable energy capacity by 2030”
• “Climate justice and equity”
• “Women’s Reservation Bill 2023”

Key Statements:

• “Inclusivity has been at the heart of our presidency.”
• “India sought to offer the world an alternative to the status quo, a shift from a GDP-centric to human-centric progress.”
• “India’s Women’s Reservation Bill 2023 epitomizes our commitment to women-led development.”
• “India’s G20 achieved 87 outcomes and 118 adopted documents, a marked rise from the past.”

Key Examples and References:

• The inclusion of the African Union in the G20.
• ‘Voice of the Global South Summit.’
• Digital innovations like Aadhaar, UPI, and Digilocker.
• G20’s emphasis on climate-conscious consumption and planet-friendly production.
• India’s leading role in UN reforms.

Key Facts:

• G20 achieved 87 outcomes and 118 adopted documents during India’s presidency.
• The G20 Declaration calls for tripling global renewable energy capacity by 2030.
• India’s Women’s Reservation Bill 2023 reserves one-third of parliamentary and state legislative assembly seats for women.
• Developing countries require $5.9 trillion to fulfill their NDCs by 2030.

Key Data:

• The G20 reached 1.4 billion citizens through “Jan Bhagidari” events.

Critical Analysis:

India’s G20 presidency successfully navigated challenges, emphasizing inclusivity, sustainable development, and climate action. The presidency revitalized multilateralism and amplified the voice of the Global South, marking a significant shift in the global narrative.

Way Forward:

• Sustaining the momentum of inclusivity and global collaboration.
• Implementing the G20 2023 Action Plan for accelerated progress on SDGs.
• Continued advocacy for climate justice, equity, and financial support for developing nations.
• Strengthening the role of Multilateral Development Banks for effective development financing.
• Advancing UN reforms for a more equitable global order.

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