Why in the News?

The Ministry of Science & Technology has launched Nafithromycin, India’s first indigenous antibiotic to combat drug-resistant infections.

About Nafithromycin:

	Details
About	• It was developed with the support of the Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC), a unit under the Department of Biotechnology, to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). • It aims to treat *Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia (CABP)* caused by drug-resistant bacteria. ( Awaiting final approval from CDSCO for manufacturing and public use.)
Features	• Developed over 14 years of clinical trials in the U.S., Europe, and India. • 10 times more effective than azithromycin. (3 doses to combat Drug-Resistant Pneumonia) • Minimal side effects, no significant drug interactions, and food-independent.
Significance	• It targets both typical and atypical pathogens. • It addresses a global health issue, especially CABP, contributing to over 2 million deaths annually. • Offers a more effective, faster, and safer treatment for drug-resistant pneumonia. • Demonstrates successful public-private collaboration between the government and Wockhardt Pharmaceuticals. • A cost-effective solution for treating resistant infections in low-resource settings.

[2019] Which of the following are the reasons for the occurrence of multi-drug resistance in microbial pathogens in India?

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) 2, 3 and 4