From UPSC perspective, the following things are important :
Prelims level: Time Use Survey (TUS), 2024
Why in the News?
The National Statistics Office (NSO), under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI), has released the Time Use Survey (TUS) 2024, marking the second nationwide survey of its kind after 2019.
What is the Time Use Survey (TUS) 2024?
- The TUS, 2024 is a nationwide survey conducted by the National Statistics Office (NSO) under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI).
- It is the second edition of the survey, following the first TUS conducted in 2019.
- Purpose: TUS measures how individuals allocate their time across paid work, unpaid domestic work, caregiving, learning, leisure, and other daily activities.
- India is among a few countries, including Australia, Japan, Korea, the US, and China, that conduct National Time Use Surveys.
- Unlike traditional surveys that focus solely on employment, TUS captures both economic and non-economic activities, highlighting gender roles, social structures, and lifestyle changes.
Key Highlights of TUS 2024:
- 75% of males and 25% of females (aged 15-59 years) participated in employment-related activities in 2024.
- In 2019, the participation rate was 70.9% for males and 21.8% for females, reflecting a 3.2% increase in female workforce participation.
- Decline in unpaid domestic work for women from 315 minutes/day (2019) to 305 minutes/day (2024), indicating a shift towards paid employment.
- 41% of women and 21.4% of men in the 15-59 age group engaged in caregiving.
- Women spent 140 minutes/day, while men spent 74 minutes/day on caregiving.
- Male involvement in child-rearing and elder care is rising, signaling changing gender roles.
- 89.3% of children (6-14 years) participated in learning activities, dedicating an average of 413 minutes/day.
- Leisure time has increased – People aged 6 years and above spent 11% of their daily time on cultural, leisure, mass media, and sports activities, compared to 9.9% in 2019.
- 16.8% of people engaged in producing goods for personal use, spending 121 minutes/day.
- In rural areas, 24.6% of individuals (15-59 years) participated in household production.
- Unpaid domestic services participation: 81.5% of women, 27.1% of men.
PYQ:[2013] Disguised unemployment generally means: (a) large number of people remain unemployed [2023] Most of the unemployment in India is structural in nature. Examine the methodology adopted to compute unemployment in the country and suggest improvements. |
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