Why in the News?

The 2025 edition of TROPEX is currently underway in the Indian Ocean Region, involving all operational Indian Naval units along with significant participation from the Indian Army, Indian Air Force (IAF), and the Indian Coast Guard (ICG).

About Theatre Level Operational Exercise (TROPEX)

• TROPEX is the Indian Navy’s flagship biennial operational-level exercise, designed to test and enhance India’s maritime defense capabilities.
• It is conducted in the Indian Ocean Region with participation from the Indian Navy, Indian Army, Indian Air Force (IAF), and Indian Coast Guard (ICG).
• It was first held in April 2005.
• TROPEX-25 is being conducted over a three-month period from January to March 2025 in multiple phases:

1. Harbour Phase: Focuses on strategic planning, joint training, and coordination before moving to sea operations.
2. Sea Phase: Simulates real-time combat scenarios to assess the Navy’s operational readiness.
3. Cyber and Electronic Warfare Operations:  Integrates modern cybersecurity and electronic warfare tactics to counter digital threats.
4. Live Weapon Firings:  Includes real-world missile and torpedo firings to test combat effectiveness.
5. Amphibious Exercise (AMPHEX):  Conducts joint land-sea operations, involving amphibious landings and coastal defence drills.

Mandate and Significance of TROPEX-25

TROPEX-25 plays a pivotal role in:

• Strengthening India’s maritime dominance in the Indian Ocean Region.
• Enhancing interoperability and joint warfighting capabilities among the Navy, Army, Air Force, and Coast Guard.
• Testing real-world combat readiness in dynamic operational environments.
• Securing national maritime interests through proactive military preparedness.
• Projecting India’s naval power to safeguard maritime trade routes and counter emerging threats.

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