What are Typhoons?

• A Typhoon is a type of tropical cyclone that forms in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean, particularly affecting East Asia, Southeast Asia, and parts of Oceania.
• They are characterized by strong winds, heavy rain, and can cause severe flooding, storm surges, and damage to infrastructure.

Key Features of Typhoons:

• Formation Region: Typhoons form in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean, primarily between 100°E and 180°E.
• Wind Speed: To be classified as a typhoon, sustained winds must exceed 119 km/h.
• Structure: Like hurricanes, typhoons have a central eye (calm area) surrounded by a violent eyewall where the strongest winds and heaviest rains occur.
• Season: Typhoons typically occur from May to October, with a peak from August to September.

Global Terminology:

• Typhoon: Northwest Pacific Ocean.
• Hurricane: North Atlantic, Central and Eastern North Pacific Oceans.
• Cyclone: South Pacific and Indian Ocean.

PYQ:

[2020] Consider the following statements:

1. Jet streams occur in the Northern Hemisphere only.

2. Only some cyclones develop an eye.

3. The temperature inside the eye of a cyclone is nearly 10ºC lesser than that of the surroundings.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 2 only

(d) 1 and 3 only