From UPSC perspective, the following things are important :
Prelims level: Bordering countries of israel and Iran
Mains level: Impact of the Iran-Israel conflict on India
Why in the news?
The turmoil resulting from the Iran-Israel conflict poses a threat to the security of the extensive Indian diaspora residing in the Gulf region, with an added risk of piracy and hostage situations.
The conflict between Israel and Iran:
- Historical Context: The roots of the conflict can be traced back to the Islamic Revolution in 1979 when Iran rejected Israel’s existence and vowed to undermine it. Iran has supported anti-Israeli militant groups like Hezbollah and Hamas and pursued a nuclear program, which Israel sees as a threat
- Recent Escalation: Recent events, such as the unprecedented missile and drone assault on Israel originating from Iran, have raised concerns about a potential all-out war between the two nations. Israel successfully intercepted most of the attacks, but the implications of this escalation are significant
- Israel’s Response Options: Israel faces decisions on how to respond to Iran, with options including retaliation by proxy, assassinations, cyberattacks, or direct attacks. Each option carries risks of escalation and broader regional consequences
- The nuclear issue: The long history of animosity and confrontation between the sides has now erupted in direct attacks. Israel is believed to be nuclear-capable and Iran’s desired programmes for nuclear capability have been in the spotlight
Impact of the Iran-Israel conflict on India:
- Economic Interests: India has significant economic ties in the Middle East, including trade, investment, and energy imports. Any escalation of conflict in the region threatens India’s economic interests, potentially leading to disruptions in trade routes and increased oil prices.
- Security of Indian Diaspora: The Middle East hosts a large Indian diaspora, particularly in the Gulf region. Turmoil and conflict pose risks to their safety and security, with concerns about piracy, hostage-taking, and general instability.
- Instability in Global south Governance : India recognizes the importance of stability in the Middle East for global south governance and stability. Instability in the region affects not only regional dynamics but also has broader implications for international security and cooperation.
Diplomatic solution for this conflict:
- India advocates for diplomatic solutions to conflicts in the Middle East and supports initiatives for peace and stability, including the two-state solution for the Israel-Palestine conflict. India’s historical and cultural ties with the region position it as a potential mediator and facilitator for dialogue.
Way forward:
- Restraint and De-escalation: Call upon both parties to exercise restraint and avoid actions that could escalate the conflict further.
- Regional Cooperation: Encourage regional actors, including neighboring countries to work together to promote stability and security in the Middle East.
- International Support: Seek support from the international community, including major powers and multilateral organizations, to pressure Iran and Israel to pursue peaceful resolutions.
Mains PYQ:
Q How will I2U2 (India, Israel, UAE and USA) grouping transform India’s position in global politics?
Mains question for practice:
Q The turmoil resulting from the Iran-Israel conflict poses a threat to the security of the Indian diaspora residing in the Gulf region. Discuss the Impact of the Iran-Israel conflict on India and suggest the solution.
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