Note4Students
From UPSC perspective, the following things are important :
Prelims level: Hantavirus
Why in the News?
Betsy Arakawa, wife of Oscar-winning actor Gene Hackman, died from a respiratory illness linked to hantavirus, a rare disease transmitted by infected rodents, officials have confirmed.
What is Hantavirus?
- Hantavirus is a family of viruses carried by rodents that cause severe illnesses in humans. The two primary diseases it causes are:
- Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) – A fatal respiratory illness common in the Americas.
- Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) – Affects the kidneys and causes internal bleeding, mostly found in Asia and Europe.
- Hantavirus spreads through contact with infected rodent waste, primarily via:
- Inhalation (Aerosolization) – Breathing in airborne particles from rodent urine, droppings, or saliva.
- Direct Contact – Touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the eyes, nose, or mouth.
- Open Wounds – Virus entering through cuts or scratches.
- Rodent Bites (Rare).
- Human-to-Human Transmission – Extremely rare, except for Andes virus in South America.
Is there a Cure or Treatment?
- No specific antiviral treatment or vaccine exists.
- Medical care focuses on symptom management:
- Oxygen therapy for breathing difficulties.
- ICU support & mechanical ventilation in severe cases.
- Early detection is crucial – Seek medical help immediately after potential rodent exposure.
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