Monsoon Updates

What is Samba Cultivation?

Note4Students

From UPSC perspective, the following things are important :

Prelims level: Samba Cultivation

Mains level: NA

Around four lakh more acres have been brought under the Crop Insurance Scheme for the Samba Cultivation season of 2021-22 in Tamil Nadu.

What is Samba Cultivation?

  • It is a Tamil name for paddy cultivation season.
  • Other paddy seasons in Tamil Nadu include:
  1. Kuruvai: June-July
  2. Samba: August
  3. Late Samba / Thaladi: September- October
  4. Navarai: December- January

Back2Basics: Major crop seasons

(1) Kharif Crop

  • Kharif crops, monsoon crops, or autumn crops are cultivated and harvested in the monsoon season.
  • The farmers sow seeds at the beginning of the monsoon season and harvest them at the end of the season. i.e., between September and October.
  • Kharif crops need a lot of water and hot weather for proper growth.
  • Examples: Rice, Maize, Millet, Soybean, Arhar, Cotton. etc.

(2) Rabi Crop

  • Rabi means spring in Arabic. Crops grown in the winter season [October to December] and harvested in the spring season [Aril-May] are called Rabi crops.
  • These crops require a warm climate for germination and maturation of seeds and need a cold environment for their growth.
  • Rain in winter spoils the Rabi crop but is good for the Kharif crop.
  • Examples: Wheat, Gram, Barley, Peas, Oats, Chickpea, Linseed, Mustard, etc.

(3) Zaid Crop

  • Zaid crops are grown between Kharif and Rabi Seasons, i.e., between March to June.
  • They require warm, dry weather as a vital growth period and longer day length for flowering.
  • Zaid crop is significant for farmers as it gives fast cash to the farmers and is also known as gap-filler between two chief crops, Kharif and Rabi.
  • Examples: Cucumber, Pumpkin, Bitter gourd, Watermelon, Muskmelon, Sugarcane, Groundnut, Pulses, etc.

 

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