Dear Aspirants,
This Spotlight is a part of our Mission Nikaalo Prelims-2023.
You can check the broad timetable of Nikaalo Prelims here
Session Details
YouTube LIVE with Parth sir – 7 PM – Prelims Spotlight Session
Evening 04 PM – Daily Mini Tests
Join our Official telegram channel for Study material and Daily Sessions Here
14th Apr 2023
Constitutional bodies
| Appointment | Tenure | Removal | Process of removal | Eligibility for reappointment w/i govt | |
| Attorney general (Advocate general) | President (governor) | Pleasure of President (governor) | President (governor) | No reason needs to be mentioned | Yes |
| Election Commission (SEC) | President (governor) | 6 years/ 65 | President | CEC and SEC by a special majority
Other ECs on the recommendation of CEC |
Yes |
| Finance commission (SFC) | President (governor) | Specified by president | NA | NA | Yes |
| UPSC (SPSC) | President (governor) | 6 years/ 65 | President | After enquiry by supreme court | Members can become Chair, state members can become chair or member or chair of UPSC |
| CAG | President | 6 years/ 65 | President | Special majority | No |
Statutory bodies
| Appointment | Committee members | Other members | Tenure | Removal | |
| NHRC (SHRC) | President (Governor) | 6 (PM + LOP Lok Sabha) | Speaker, Deputy CP RS, LOP RS, home minister | 3 years*/ 70 | President after Supreme Court inquiry |
| CIC (SIC) | President (Governor) | 3 ((PM + LOP Lok Sabha) | Cabinet Minister nominated by PM | As prescribed by the Central Govt*./ 65 | President (governor for SIC) after supreme court inquiry |
| CVC | President (governor) | 3 ((PM + LOP lok sabha) | Home minister | 4 years/ 65 | President after Supreme court inquiry |
| Lokpal | President | 5 (PM + LOP lok sabha | Speaker, CJI, eminent jurist | 5 years/ 70 | Like a Supreme Court judge |
Regulatory Bodies
| Regulatory bodies in India | Sector | Functions |
| Telecom Regulatory Authority of India – TRAI | Telecommunication and Tariffs | To make regulations to ease competition and enhance the efficiency in the operation of telecommunication services |
| Competition Commission of India (CCI) | Company affairs | To protect the interest of consumers, prevent some practices having harmful effect on competition |
| Securities and Exchange Board of India | Securities (Stock) and Capital Market | To safeguard the interests of investors and to regulate the securities market. |
| Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) | Food industry | To ensure the food quality, to watch and regulate the processing, manufacture, distribution, sale and import of food. |
| Medical Council of India | Medical education | To regulate and set up high and uniform standards of medical education |
| Reserve Bank of India (RBI) | Banking and Monetary regulations | It executes multiple functions as a custodian to regulate all the banking and the monetary function in country |
| Insurance Regulatory & Development Authority of India – IRDAI | Insurance | To regulate and enhance insurance business and reinsurance business in India. |
| National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) | Financing Rural Development | Functions as a supreme body for catering the credit needs of all types of rural development
and agricultural |
| Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) | Certification and Censorship | To regulate and monitor the public exhibition of movies. |
| Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority | Pension and welfare | To regulate promote and develop the pension sector in the country. |
Quasi-judicial Bodies
A quasi-judicial body can be an individual or body with powers resembling a court of law.
- They can adjudicate and decide penalties on the guilty.
- They are different from judicial bodies in that their field is limited compared to a court.
- They can be formed on a matter pending in court, by court order if the court considers it necessary; the court reserves the right to appoint members of such a body.
- They can be tribunals for a specific domain, or like an arbitrator.
- Quasi-judicial bodies have adjudicating powers in such matters as:
- Breach of discipline
- Trust in money matters or otherwise
- Conduct rules
- Their authority is limited to specific areas like:
- Financial markets
- Land use and zoning
- Public standards
- Employment law
- Specific set of regulations of an agency
- Decisions of a quasi-judicial body are often legally enforceable under the laws of a jurisdiction.
List of Quasi-Judicial Bodies in India are:
- National Green Tribunal
- Central Information Commission
- National Human Rights Commission
- Tribunal
- SEBI
Difference between Judicial and Quasi-judicial Bodies
- Judicial decisions are bound by precedent in common law, whereas quasi-judicial decisions are generally not.
- Judicial decisions may create new laws, but quasi-judicial decisions are based on existing law.
- Quasi-judicial needn’t adhere to strict judicial rules (of procedure and evidence).
- Quasi-judicial bodies can hold formal hearings only if they are mandated to do so as per their governing laws.
